Respiratory failure Flashcards

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1
Q

Acute respiratory distress syndrome

A

Increased permeability of alveolar capillaries leading to fluid accumulation in the alveoli

Mortality around 40%

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2
Q

Causes of ARDS

A

Infection (sepsis, pneumonia)

Massive blood transfusion

Trauma

Smoke inhalation

Acute pancreatitis

Covid-19

Cardio-pulmonary bypass

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3
Q

Clinical features of ARDS

A

Dyspnoea

Elevated resp rate

Bilateral lung crackles

Low oxygen sats

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4
Q

Investigations for ARDS

A

Chest xray

ABG

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5
Q

Criteria for diagnosis

A

Acute onset (within 1 week of a known risk factor)

Pulmonary oedema (bilateral infiltrates on chest xray)

Non-caridogenic

pO2/Fi)2 <40kPa

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6
Q

Management of ARDS

A

Management in ITU

Oxygenation/ ventilation to support hypoxaemia

General organ support (vasopressins as needed)

Treatment of underlying cause

Prone positioning and muscle relxation

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