Anaphylaxis Flashcards

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1
Q

Common causes

A

Food (most common cause in children)

Drugs

Venom

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2
Q

Airway problems

A

Swelling of the throat and tongue

Hoarse voice and stridor

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3
Q

Breathing problems

A

Respiratory wheeze

Dyspnoea

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4
Q

Circulation problems

A

Hypotension

Tachycardia

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5
Q

Anaphylaxis definition

A

Sudden onset and rapid progression of symptoms

Airway and/or breathing and/or circulation problems

Without ABC problems its technically not anaphylaxis

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6
Q

Skin/ mucosal changes

A

Generalised pruritis

Widespread erythematous or urticarial rash

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7
Q

Management

A

IM adrenaline

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8
Q

Adrenaline <6 month old

A

100-150micrograms

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9
Q

Adrenaline 6months-6years

A

150micrograms

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10
Q

Adrenaline 6-12years

A

300micrograms

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11
Q

Adrenaline adult and child >12 years

A

500micrograms

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12
Q

Refractory anaphylaxis

A

Respiratory and/or cardiovascular problems persist despite 2 doses of IM adrenaline

IV fluids should be given for shock

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13
Q

Management following stabilisation

A

Non-sedating oral antihistamines particularly if persisting skin problems

Serum tryptase remain elevated up to 12 hours following acute episode

New diagnosis of anaphylaxis need referral to specialist allergy clinic

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14
Q

Types of discharge

A

Fast-track

Minimum 6 hours after symptom resolution

Minimum 12 hours after symptom resolution

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15
Q

Fast-track discharge

A

Good response to single dose of adrenaline

Complete resolution of symptoms

Given adrenaline auto-injector and trained how to use it

Adequate supervision following discharge

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16
Q

Minimum 6 hours after symptom resolution

A

2 doses of IM adrenaline needed or previous biphasic reaction

17
Q

Minimum 12 hours after symptom resolution

A

Severe reaction requiring >2 doses of IM adrenaline

Patient has severe asthma

Possibility of ongoing reaction

Patient presents late at night

Patient in area where access to emergency access care may be difficult