Compartment syndrome Flashcards

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1
Q

Compartment syndrome

A

Raised pressure within a closed anatomical space

Eventually compromises tissue perfusion resulting in necrosis

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2
Q

Main fractures where this occurs

A

Supracondylar fractures

Tibial shaft injuries

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3
Q

Features

A

Pain, especially on movement

Parasthesiae

Pallor

Arterial pulsation

Paralysis of the muscle group may occur

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4
Q

Diagnosis

A

Measure intracompartmental pressure measurements

Pressures in excess of 20mmHg are abnormal and >40 is diagnostic

Typically no pathology on an xray

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5
Q

Treatment

A

Prompt and extensive fasciotomies

Myoglobulinuria may occur following fasciotomy and result in renal failure- need aggressive IV fluids

Where muscle groups frankly necrotic- debride and consider amputation

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6
Q

Death of muscle groups

A

Within 4-6 hours

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