Stress + Chronic Illness + Adherence to Treatment Flashcards
Stress
a response which consists of the tension, discomfort or physical
symptoms that arise when a situation overwhelms our ability to cope effectively.
Stressor
Events which represent a threat to our typical psychological functioning
Apprasial
Cognitive evaluation + interpretation of a stressor
Stress Response
Cognitive, emotional, and biological reactions that stressors evoke
Stress as a Transaction
Primary Apprasial
Secondary Apprasial
Primary Appraisal
persono decides if the situation is benign, stressful or irrelevant
Secondary Appraisal
person evaluates options and decides how to respond
Yerkes-Dodson Law
How anxiety affects performance
Measuring Stress
Physiological (HR, BP, Stress Hormones)
Psychological/Cognitive (Social Readjustment Rating Scale, Perceived Stress Scale)
Perseverative Cognition
the repetitive activation of the cognitive representation of psychological stressors
- leads to chronic activation of physiological stress response
Anticipatory Stress
worry + what-if-ism
Retrospective Stress
rumination (repetitive thinking of negative thoughts)
Three dimensions of burnout
- Emotional Exhaustion
- Depersonalisation
- Perceived lack of personal accomplishment
Stages of Burnout
Over commitment
Beginning Exhaustion
Increased Exhaustion Burnout
Psychological Quality of Life
- Emotions
- Perceptions and Beliefs
- Social Roles
Physical Quality of Life
- Illness or disease-related symptoms
- Physical Functioning
- Physical Roles
Coping
process of dealing with internal or external demands that are perceived as straining or exceeding an individuals resources
Two types of Coping Strategies
Problem focused coping strategies
Emotion focused coping strategies
Influences on Coping
Identity
Cause
Consequences
Control/Cure
Timeline
Adherence
the extent to which a person’s behaviour corresponds with agreed recommendations from a healthcare provider
Unintentional Non-Adherence
passive process in which the patient might be careless or forgot about adhering to the treatment plan
(health literacy, complexity of treatment regime, patient comorbidities)
Intentional Non-Adherence
active process whereby the patient chooses to deviate from the recommended treatment plan (cost, side effects, personal beliefs)
Creative Non-Adherence
situations in which the patient modifies or supplements a prescribed treatment
(dosing, supplementation, saving medications for later, sharing medications)
Personalising Adherence
Prescription for Antibiotics
Prescription for a cream / ointment
Injury rehabilitation physiotherapy programme
5 dimensions of Adherence
- Social & Economic
- Health Care System
- Condition-Related
- Therapy-Related
- Patient-Related
