Social-Emotional Development + Mental Health in Children

Question 1

Two Types of Emotional Regulation

Answer 1

Antecedent-Focused Emotion Regulation
Response-Focused Emotion Regulation

Question 2

Cupboard view of attachment

Answer 2

Attachment is based on the provision of food needed for survival

Question 3

Comfort view of attachment

Answer 3

Attachment goes beyond physical need
(babies also need contact comfort & love)

Question 4

Attachment Theory

Answer 4

Believed that the mother-infant bond is an evolved response
Babies born with built-in behaviours that keep parent nearby & fuel bond

Question 5

Secure Attachment

Answer 5

Use caregiver as a secure base
Parental responsiveness highest

Question 6

Patterns of Attachment

Answer 6

Secure
Insecure Avoidant
Insecure-Anxious
Disorganised Attachment

Question 7

Insecure Avoidant

Answer 7

Infants indifferent to parents departure/return
Parental responsiveness lowest

Question 8

Insecure-Anxious

Answer 8

Distress at departure; infants first seek & then avoid caregiver upon return
Parental responsiveness inconsistent

Question 9

Disorganised Attachment

Answer 9

Depressed/Unresponsive with spurts of sudden emotion
Confused about approaching or avoiding parent

Question 10

Factors affecting development of attachment

Answer 10

Quality of caregiving
Child’s Temperament
Family Context
Culture
Opportunity to establish close relationship

Question 11

Quality of Caregiving

Answer 11

Best predictor of secure attachment is sensitive, responsive parenting

Parents ability to perceive and interpret child’s signals and intentions, respond appropriately and promptly

Genetically prewired behaviours that facilitate basic processes of parenting

Question 12

“Serve and Return” Relationship

Answer 12

Infant prewired and ongoing behaviour to engage adult
Can influence quality of attachment

Question 13

Child’s Temperament

Answer 13

Largely biologically/genetically based
Persist through adulthood
- Reactivity & self regulation/effortful control

Question 14

Kagan’s Model

Answer 14

Bold/uninhibited temperament
Shy/inhibited temperament

Question 15

Bold/uninhibited temperament

Answer 15

Toddlers - Talkative, sociable, behaviourally spontaneous or bold
Infant - Lower levels of crying and excitability or reactivity

Linked to impulsivity, dangerous driving, alcohol dependence

Question 16

Shy/inhibited temperament

Answer 16

Infants - Patterns associated with more crying
Toddlers - Consistently shy, quiet, and timid/more fearful in unfamiliar situations (responses less extreme as mature)

Question 17

Family Context

Answer 17

Parent factors, circumstances & life transitions affect parent-child interactions

Question 18

Cultural Variations

Answer 18

Perspectives from other ethnicities and social/caregiving structures highlights the similar focus on raising emotionally secure children

Question 19

Prolonged or Severe Maltreatment

Answer 19

Chronic activation - Dysregulation of stress response - Increased lifelong risk for physical or psychological disorders

Question 20

Behavioural Development

Answer 20

Physical abuse, exposure violence promotes use of aggressive behaviour by child

Question 21

Plasticity

Answer 21

ability of nervous system to change its connections

Question 22

Mental Health

Answer 22

Positive Concept that is about more than the absence of mental illness
(resilience and good functioning)

Question 23

Mental Illness

Answer 23

A diagnosed clinical condition

Question 24

ACEs

Answer 24

Adverse Childhood Experiences
(poverty, divorce, loss of a love one, abuse)

Question 25

Autistic Spectrum Disorder (ASD)

Answer 25

Persistent deficits in social communication/social interaction
Restricted or repetitive patterns of behaviour or rituals
(hard to maintain relationships, deficits non-verbal communications)

Question 26

Attention Deficit-Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD)

Answer 26

Inattention/inattentiveness (not consistent with their developmental age)

Hyperactivity-Impulsivity