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hlthpsyc122 > Memory Systems and Processes > Flashcards

Memory Systems and Processes Flashcards

1
Q

What are the 3 processes of memory?

A

Encoding - Converting info into a form usable in memory
Storage - Retaining information in memory
Retrieval - Bringing to mind information stored in memory

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2
Q

What is Encoding?

A

The set of processes involved in transforming external events & internal thoughts into both temporary & long lasting memories

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3
Q

What is an Engram?

A

Physical memory trace in brain

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4
Q

What is the diagram of encoding long-term memories

A

Perception of Stimuli
Encoding
Engram
Long Term Potentiation
Storage

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5
Q

What is long term potentiation?

A

Gradual strengthening of the connections among neuron’s from repetitive stimulation

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6
Q

Sematic

A

Meaning

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7
Q

Phonemic

A

Sounds like

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8
Q

Structural

A

Letters/Physical

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9
Q

What is Sensory Memory?

A

Very brief memory of a sensory experience
(large capacity, short duration)

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10
Q

Working Memory

A

Capacity
Chunk
Duration

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11
Q

What are the two types long-term memory?

A

Explicit
Implicit

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12
Q

What are the two types of Explicit memory?

A

Semantic
Episodic

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13
Q

What are the four types of Implicit memory?

A

Procedural
Priming
Conditioning
Habituation

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14
Q

Explicit

A

Knowing WHAT
Memory for facts,events & beliefs about the world
Can recall intentionally
(declarative memory)

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15
Q

Semantic

A

Explicit
-Knowledge of facts about the world

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16
Q

Episodic

A

Explicit
- Recollection of events and experiences in our lives

17
Q

Implicit

A

Knowing HOW
Experimental or functional form of memory
Do not deliberately remember
Cannot be consciously recalled or reflected on

18
Q

Procedural

A

Implicit
- How to do things
- Motor Skills, habits

19
Q

Priming

A

Implicit
- Identify stimulus easier after prior exposure

20
Q

Conditioning + Habituiation

A

Implicit
- Forms of unconscious learning

21
Q

Anatomical Change

A

Memory trace may reflect alterations in neurotransmitter release at specific sites

22
Q

Straitum

A

Habit Formation

23
Q

Amygdala

A

Memories about emotions

24
Q

Hippocampus

A

Semantic memory
Consolidation of memories

25
Q

Cerebellum

A

Procedural memory

26
Q

Retrieval

A

Bringing to mind info stored in memory

27
Q

What are three ways to access memories?

A

Recall
Recognition
Reconstruction

28
Q

Factors affecting LTM performance

A

-Stress/arousal
-Serial position of information
-The context
-Failure to encode

29
Q

Stress/Arousal

A

Level of attention/arousal related to memory performance
NOT LINEAR
- Affects ability to encode

30
Q

Flashbulb memories

A

Strong, Vivid and detailed memories of dramatic events
Emotional arousal triggers adrenalin release > enchanced memory

31
Q

Serial Position

A

Relates to position of information when given lots of info at once
Primacy Effect - First items recalled better
Recency Effect - Last items recalled better
Clinical Context - Important infor first, repeat last

32
Q

Context

A

External & Internal context state can affect retrieval
ENVIRONMENT + STATE
- Encoding specificity - context embedded with info

33
Q

Failure to Encode

A

Failing to effectively put material into LTM
- Too much stress
- Not enough attention
- Lack of rehearsal

34
Q

Three types of Forgetting

A

Decay (Transience)
Interference
Motivated Forgetting

35
Q

Decay Theory

A

Memory fades over time
Points to impermanence of memory storage
Relates to how frequently recalled/rehearsed

36
Q

Interference

A

Confusion or entanglement of similar memories
Greatest when competing info most similar

37
Q

Motivated Forgetting

A

Forget what you don’t want to think about (Repression)
Usually due to trauma

38
Q

Iconic
Echoic
Haptic

A

Eyes
Ears
Hands

hlthpsyc122 (12 decks)

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