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HLTHPSYC122 > Sensation and Perception > Flashcards

Sensation and Perception Flashcards

1
Q

Sensation

A

The detection of physical energy by sense organ, which then sends info to the brain

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2
Q

Perception

A

The brain’s interpretation of raw sensory input

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3
Q

Transduction

A

Process of converting external energy or substance into electrical activity within neurons

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4
Q

Absolute Threshold

A

Lowest level of a stimulus need for the nervous system to detect a change 50% of the time

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5
Q

Weber’s Law

A

Constant proportional relationship between the smallest change we can detect and the original stimulus intensity

This means that the larger the original stimulus, the larger the just noticeable difference needs to be for it to be detected.

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6
Q

Vestibular Sense

A

Inner ear senses balance, spatial orientation
How one’s body is oriented with respect to gravity

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7
Q

Proprioception/Kinaesthetic Sense

A

Body position and movement of body parts relative to one another

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8
Q

Sensory Capacities at Birth - Hearing

A

Babies can hear before birth
Preference for complex sounds

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9
Q

Sensory Capacities at Birth - Vision

A

Limited Focus / Poor Acuity
Difficulty Discriminating Colour - Less intense
Rapid development, by 11 months acuity adult level (2 months focus)

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10
Q

Early Vision

A

Prefer Faces Overall
Contrast Sensitivity
Depth Sensitivity

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11
Q

Sensory Capacities at Birth - Pain

A

CNS Immaturity
May feel pain more intensely
Risk of pain medication
Pain relief from - Breast milk, Sugar Solution , Comfort from holding

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12
Q

Vision as we age

A

Visual Acuity worsens
Increase in use of corrective lenses

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13
Q

Acuity

A

sharpness or keenness of thought, vision or hearing

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14
Q

Macular Degeneration

A

Causes loss in the centre of the field of vision

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15
Q

Presbyopia

A

Harder to focus on nearby objects

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16
Q

Impaired Eyesight can happen due to ….

A

Reduction in light reaching retina
-Increased sensitivity to glare
-Harder to perceive colour
-Harder to see in dim light

17
Q

Presbycusis

A

Age related hearing loss

18
Q

Why does hearing decline?

A

Degeneration of neural pathways
- Reduced Blood Supply
- Cell Death

19
Q

Sensation

A

The detection of physical energy by sense organ, which then sends info to the brain

20
Q

Perception

A

The brain’s interpretation of raw sensory input

21
Q

Ambiguous Figures

A

Perception not fixed/absolute - single image can have multiple interpretations

22
Q

Perceptual Organisation

A

The way information is received by our senses and interpreted to make it meaningful.

23
Q

What are the 4 aspects of perceptual organisation?

A

Form Perception
Depth or Distance Perception
Motion Perception
Perceptual Constancy

24
Q

Form Perception

A

Organises sensory information into meaningful shapes and patterns

25
Q

Perceptual Set

A

Expectations influence perception
Only see certain aspects, ignore details

26
Q

Gestalt View

A

The whole is more than the sum of the parts
We tend to organise visual elements into groups or unified wholes

27
Q

6 Gestalt Principles

A

Law of proximity
Law of similarity
Law of continuity
Law of closure
Law of symmetry
Form and Ground

28
Q

Depth or Distance Perception

A

The organisation of perception in three dimensions
Monocular Cues
Binocular Cues
Motion Perception

29
Q

Monocular cues

A

Uses visual input from one eye

30
Q

Binocular Cues

A

Uses visual input integrated from the two eyes

31
Q

Binocular Disparity

A

Each eye gets a different picture of the world
The greater the difference between pictures the closer the object

32
Q

Binocular Convergence

A

Eyes points inwards when looking toward close objects
Eyes move outwards when looking at distant objects

33
Q

Perceptual Constancy

A

Ability to maintain an unchanging perception of an object despite variations in retinal image

34
Q

Three main types of Perceptual Constancy

A

Size Constancy
Shape Constancy
Colour Constancy

35
Q

Shape Constancy

A

Perceive true shape of object despite variations in shape in the retinal image

36
Q

Colour Constancy

A

the perceived color of objects remains relatively constant under varying illumination conditions.

37
Q

Size Constancy

A

Ability to perceive the true size of an object despite variations in the size of the retinal image

38
Q

Inattentional Blindness

A

Failure to perceive a prominent object because attention is on another task

39
Q

Change Blindness

A

Failure to perceive changes in a scene when there is a momentary interruption to views of that scene

HLTHPSYC122 (12 decks)

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