Stress and Coping Flashcards
What does stress refer to
The physioloic or emotional response to an internal or external enbironemntal challenge
What is a stressor
EVENT or stimulus the DISROPTS a person’s sense of euilibrium
What is stress appraisal
The process by which a perosn INTERPRETS a stressor as a THREAT or a CHALLENGE
What does the way a person respond to determine
The IMPACT, creative changes, pathologic changes in TISSUES
What is the siter callista roy’s adaptation model
How nurses care for persons facing stressful situation, stressors didrupt equilibrium resulting in ILLNESS
RN ROLE is to ALTER the STIMULI, adapt to ILLNESS, develop positive adaptive BEHAVIORS
What is homeostasis
Regulation of the body for a steady state
What is the fight-or-flight response
Physiologic response to stress
What is the general adaptation syndrome (GAS)
Alarm, resistance, exhaustion
What is the alarm reaction
Threat to homeostasis
What is the resistance stage
Attemp to adapt
What is the exhaustion stage
Resources are depleted, chronic stress may lead to disease
What is distress
Negative stress, can’t cope
What is uestress
Postivie stress, motivational
What is the Lazarus theory of stress and coping
Appraisal is the AUTOMATIC ofteen UNCONSCIOS assessment of a DEMAND or STRESSOR, TWO-STAGE ASSESSMENT, THREAT VS. CHALLENGE
What is the two-stage assessment
Assess IMMEDIACY of threat, COPING options are EVALUATED
What does a threat include
The possibility of harm or loss
What does a challenge hold
The possibility of benefit
What is coping
Dynamic COGNITIVE and BEHAVIORAL efforts to manage DEMANDS, DEFENSE mechanisms
What are defense mechanisms
Unconscious
What is compensation
Focusing on STRENGTHS
What is denial
Ignoring REALITY to not lose self-ESTEEM
What is displacement
Redirecting NEGATIVE emotions
What is intellectualization
OVERTHINKING to avoid EMOTIONS
What is projection
Attributing ones good to another person
What is retionalizaiton
Explaining one’s self to make them seem in the right
What is regression
Reverting to CHILD behavior
What is repression
BLOCKING unacceptable thoughts
What is reaction formation
Responding to negative thought with the OPPOSITE emotions and actions
What is sublimation
RECHANNELING bad impulses to socially ACCEPTABLE
What are some positive coping
Problem-focused: altering or removing the STRESSOR
Emotion-focused: alter EMOTIONAL distress
What part of the brain has functions to adapt to stress
Hypothalamus
What is the sympathoadrenal response
Epi released
What is the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal complex activation
Secretion of hormones
What is stress-induced hyperglycermia
Corticosteroids increase glucose
What is anxiety
Apprehension or uncertainy
What is anger
Antagonism toward another person or situation
What is depression
Feelings of worthlessness, or hopelessness
What illnesses can high stress levels exacerbate
Sclerosis, herpes, autoimmune diseases, can lead to FAILURE
Can we measure stress
Yes, CORTISOL, TESTOSTERONE, SUPPRESSED MENSES
