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Nursing Essentials: Spring > Peripheral Vascular > Flashcards

Peripheral Vascular Flashcards

1
Q

What are the two different systems in the peripheral vascular system

A

Vascular and lymphatics

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2
Q

Tell me about the arteries

A

HIGH pressure, THICK walls, carry blood AWAY from the heart

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3
Q

Tell me about the veins

A

LOW pressure, THIN walls, carries blood TO the heart, CALF pump, VALVES, INSPIRATION

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4
Q

What is the lymphatic system important in

A

The immune system

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5
Q

What does the lymphatic system do

A

Helps the PV system REMOVE FLUID in the INTERSITIAL space

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6
Q

What happens when there is extra fluid in the interstitial space

A

Edema

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7
Q

What is the interstitial space

A

Lies between blood vessels and cells

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8
Q

What does the brachial artery split into

A

The ulnar and radial arteries

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9
Q

What are the major arteries in the legs and where are they

A

FEMORAL- under INGUNIAL ligament, CENTRAL PULSE
POPITEAL- behind the KNEE
Anterior and posterior TIBIAL artery- behind the big ANKLE bone
DORSALIS PEDIS- flex the BIG TOE

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10
Q

Cam you palpate lymphnodes on children, is that normal

A

Yes, they should ne nonTENDER

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11
Q

What should you expect in pregnant women

A

BILATERAL pitting EDEMA in the lower extermities, VARICOSE VEINS

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12
Q

What is more difficulty to palpate on older adults

A

Pulses

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13
Q

What can leg pain or cramps be caused by

A

Intermittent claudication

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14
Q

Tell me more about intermittent claudication

A

CALFS hurt while walking and get better with rest, associated with PAD

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15
Q

How do you assess the skin when looking at PV

A

Normal skin assessment

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16
Q

What is Raynaud’s disease

A

Blood isn’t getting to the fingers

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17
Q

What can unilateral edema mean

A

DVT

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18
Q

What can bilateral edema mean

A

CHF, outside of this sytem

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19
Q

What does smoking do to the arteries

A

Constricts

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20
Q

How to prepare assesses PV

A

Romm temp, comfortable

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21
Q

What is the order of assessment of PV

A

Inspection, palpation

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22
Q

What are you inspecting on the arms PV

A

Color, symmetry, CLUBBING

23
Q

What are you palpating on the arms

A

CAPILLARY refill, TEMP, RADIAL and BRACHIAL pulses

24
Q

How do you grade pulses

A

4- bounding
3- full
2- moderate/ normal
1- weak
0- absent

25
Q

What is a normal capillary refill and what does it mean if it’s longer

A

<2 seconds, poor PERFUSION

26
Q

What is the degree for clubbing and what does it indicate and how does it happen

A

> 160, chronic HYPOXIA, the brain tells finger vessels to dilate so they get more O2 but also nutrients so the tissues GROW

27
Q

What kind of pts have blubbing of the fingernails

A

Respiratory pts: COPD, CHF

28
Q

What should you do when palpating pulses

A

Bilateral

29
Q

What is the Allens test

A

Tests the patencey of the ULNAR artery and a positive test is bad

30
Q

What are you inspecting on the legs

A

Color, clubbing, symmetry, ulvers, varicose veins, edema

31
Q

What are you palpating on the legs

A

CAPILLARY refill, TEMP, FEMORAL, POPLITEAL, posterior TIBIAL, DORSALIS PEDIS

32
Q

Tell me the location, margin, drainage, tissue, and cause of venous ulcers

A

Location: medial malleolus
Margin- irregularly shaped
Drainage- moderate-large
Tissue- Yellow
Cause- PVD

33
Q

Tell me the location, margin, drainage, tissue, and cause of arterial ulcers

A

Location- tips of toes, lateral malleoulus
Margins- rounded, hole punch
Drainage- minimal
Tissue- Black eschar
Cause- PAD

34
Q

What are varicose ceins

A

Swollen twisted veins

35
Q

How do varicose veins form

A

Blood pressure increases inside the veins

36
Q

What type of people would you expect to have vaicose veins

A

Pregnancy, obesity, older adults, nurses

37
Q

Where do you check for edema

A

Tibia or medial malleolus

38
Q

What is the scale for pitting edema

A

1-4 good to bad

39
Q

How should your pt lay to feel the popiteal pulse

A

Pt lay prone

40
Q

What is a doppler and what’s a tip for it

A

It detect blood flow and is a pulse is present, mark the pulse with a sharpie

41
Q

What is peripheral vascular disease

A

UMBRELLA term, contians both PAD and PVD

42
Q

What are the causes of peripheral vascular diseases

A

Smoking, diabetes, high cholesterol, HTN

43
Q

What is the definition of PVD

A

A problem with blood going BACK to the heart, vascular INSUFFICIENCY

44
Q

What the treatment for PVD

A

ELEVATE, aspirin, statins, surgery, keep vein OPEN

45
Q

What symptoms of PVD VEINY

A

Very big pulses
Edema
Irregularly shaped sores
No sharp pain, DULL and CONSTANT
Yellow ankles

46
Q

What is the definition of PAD

A

NARROWING of the arteries makes it difficult to pump blood to the body

47
Q

What is the treatment for PAD

A

DANGLE, stop SMOKING, avoid TIGHT clothing, VASODILATORS, ANTIPLATELETS, MOVING

48
Q

What are the symptoms of PAD ARTS

A

ABSENT pulses, ROUND red sores, TOES and feet eschar, SHARP calf pain

49
Q

Where does DVT happen

A

Below the knees

50
Q

What are the risk factors of DVT

A

Obesity, oral CONTRACEPTIVES, prolonged IMMOBILITY, SURGERY

51
Q

What are the S/S of DVT

A

PAIN, REDNESS, UNILATER swelling, WARM legs
positive: D Dimer, Homan’s sign (moving foot up)
CALF CIRCUMFERENCE

52
Q

What is the treatment of DTV

A

Don’t Disoldge the clot
EleVate
AnTicoagulants

53
Q

What does intermittent claudication happen with

A

PAD

Nursing Essentials: Spring (5 decks)

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