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Microbiology 386 > Strep Review for Exam 1 > Flashcards

Strep Review for Exam 1 Flashcards

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1
Q

Which Lancefield group is S. suis?

A

Group D

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2
Q

Which 2 virulence factors are required for virulence in type 2 disease of S. suis?

A
  1. Muramidase-released protein
  2. Extracellular protein factor
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3
Q

Suilysin is a cholesterol-binding hemolysin of which organism?

A

Strep suis

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4
Q

Is there a vaccine for Strep suis?

When would a vaccine be most effective?

A

Yes

Give vaccine to SOW prior to farrowing

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5
Q

Which organism has zoonotic potential and causes similar disease in both the animal and human being?

What are those similar disease processes?

A

Strep suis

Septicemia, meningitis, arthritis, bronchopneumonia

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6
Q

Which type of hemolysis does S. agalactiae have?

A

Narrow zone beta hemolysis

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7
Q

S. agalactiae is an obligate pathogen of which environment?

A

Intramammary

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8
Q
  1. What makes S. agalactiae so easy to manage?
  2. How do you treat?
A
  1. It’s an obligate intramammary pathogen
  2. Infuse penicillin into the mammary
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9
Q

What Lancefield group is S. dysgalactiae a part of?

A

Group C

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10
Q

How might S. dysgalactiae gain entry and cause disease?

A

Gains entry into the streak canal via wounds and sores involving the teat orifice

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11
Q

What happens in alpha hemolysis that gives it the “green” appearance?

A

RBCs are still present, but the hemoglobin has been converted to methemoglobin, which has a green color to it

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12
Q

Describe the Lancefield test…

A

An unknown streptococcal species is heated or treated with an acid to destroy the protein antigens present. The cell wall carbohydrates present are used to place the streptococci into groups.

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13
Q

Which Lacefield group has a capsule composed of hyaluronic acid?

A

Group A

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14
Q

Within Group A stretococci, there is a capsule composed of hyaluronic acid. How does this work to protect the organism?

A

This mimics the host tissues, protecting the organism from phagocytosis

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15
Q

What are the (5) toxins involved in streptococcus infections?

A
  1. Streptolysin O
  2. Streptolysin S
  3. Streptokinase
  4. DNase
  5. Hyaluronidase
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16
Q

What are the characteristics of Streptolysin O?

A
  1. Very antigenic
  2. Leukotoxic
  3. Attacks RBCs (complete hemolysis)
  4. Thiol-activated cytolysin
  5. Oxidizable
  6. Toxic to platelets & fibroblasts
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17
Q

What are the characteristics of Streptolysin S?

A
  1. Less toxic
  2. Non-antigenic
  3. Stable in O2
18
Q

Which Lancefield group is S. pyogenes a part of?

A

Group A

19
Q

What type of vaccine is available for S. pyogenes?

A

M-protein vaccine

20
Q

Which Lancefield group is S. equi a part of?

A

Group C

21
Q

Which strep species produce a mucoidal colony?

A
  1. Strep equi
  2. Strep zooepidemicus
22
Q

Which organism is an obligate parasite of Equidae?

A

Strep equi

23
Q

How can Strep equi be transmitted?

A
  1. Contact
  2. Fomites
  3. Droplet
24
Q

Where on the body can Strep equi NORMALLY be found?

A

Horse: upper respiratory tract & reproductive tract

25
Q
  1. Name 2 toxins of Strep equi.
  2. What is their function?
A
  1. M-protein
    • Antiphagocytic
  2. Cytotoxin
    • Produces a cytotoxin that damages phagocytic cells
26
Q

Explain the disease progression of strangles in a horse. Do not forget to mention what the causitive agent is of this disease.

A

Strep equi starts an upper respiratory infection with a serous nasal discharge, which eventually turns purulent. Abscessation of the head and neck lymph nodes interferes with breathing and/or causes nerve damage. Animal can become septicemic and die.

27
Q

Explain the disease progression of Purpura. Do not forget to mention what the causitive agent is of this disease.

A

Strep equi causes this disease process. To begin, this disease is associated with a delayed immune response. The horse builds up high serum IgA titiers. The IgA forms immune complexes with the M-protein. These complexes cause many problems: fever, edema, hemorrhage, vasculitis, and necrosis of blood vessel walls.

28
Q

Which organism is most often associated with metritis in a horse?

A

Strep zooepidemicus

29
Q

The immunity following an infection with Strep equi is good. Why is this? What is providing this good immunity?

A

Protection against the infection is provided by M-protein-specific IgA on the surface of the nasal epithelium

30
Q

How might you treat an infection of Strep equi in a horse?

A
  1. Penicillin
  2. Lance abscess
31
Q

Which organism is the causitive agent of hemorrhagic pneumonia in dogs?

A

Strep zooepidemicus

32
Q

What types of disease can Strep equi cause in horses?

A
  1. Purpura
  2. Strangles
  3. Reptroductive tract infections
33
Q

Which organism is most likely to be in a wound infection of a horse?

A

Strep zooepidemicus

34
Q

What are the natural habitats of Strep zooepidemicus?

A
  1. Skin
  2. Tonsillar/pharyngeal lymph nodes
  3. Upper respiratory mucosa
35
Q

Which organism is associated with metritis and cervicitis in sows?

A

Strep equisimilis

36
Q

Which lancefield group is Strep equisimilis a part of?

A

Groups C, G, L

37
Q

Which lancefield group is Strep canis a part of?

A

Group G

38
Q

Which types of diseases can Strep canis cause in dogs?

A
  1. Tonsillitis
  2. Metritis
  3. Umbilical infections
  4. Septicemia
  5. Wound infections
39
Q

What is are the (3) natural habitats of Strep uberis?

A
  1. Skin
  2. Bedding
  3. GI tract
40
Q
A

Microbiology 386 (14 decks)

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