Storm Hazards Basics From Cfbs Booklet Flashcards

1
Q

What is a tropical storm?

A

A low pressure weather hazard with giant spinning storms that have average wind speeds in excess of 75mph

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2
Q

What’s the eye wall?

A

The area surrounding the eye of the storm and it’s the most powerful and destructive part of the storm

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3
Q

What is the coriolis effect?

A

The influence of the earths rotation that initiates the roaring of the tropical storm

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4
Q

What is wind shear?

A

The uniformity of the winds

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5
Q

What is a storm surge?

A

Large waves of up to 15 meters high caused by strong winds

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6
Q

What is mitigation?

A

Action taken to reduce or eliminate the long term risk to human life and property from natural hazards

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7
Q

What year was hurricane Katrina?

A

2005

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8
Q

How many were killed in hurricane Katrina?

A

1,800

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9
Q

What’s the most significant thing about hurricane Katrina?

A

It was the disaster that caused the most economic damage in the USA than any previous natural disaster

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10
Q

What are the factors that affects the distribution of tropical storms?

A

High temperatures 26 degrees

Atmospheric instability

Coriolis effect

The oceans is what the tropical stones derive their moisture from through evaporation

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11
Q

What measures tropical storms?

A

Sadie Simpson scale measured 1-5 based on the sustained wind speed it doesn’t take into account other storm hazards like storm surges and flooding

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12
Q

How much is the intensity of tropical storms predicted to increase by 2100?

A

2-11%

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13
Q

What will climate change doing to the patterns of where storms occur?

A

Moving to the mid latitudes which was unprecedented and this could potentially effect cities like New York Boston and Beijing

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14
Q

What are the storm hazards associated with tropical storms?

A

Landslides

Storm surges

Flooding

Strong winds

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15
Q

How do strong winds contribute to storm hazards?

A

75mph

Tear off roofs, breaking windows, damage communication networks, damage power lines

Debris on roads cause major transport disruption

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16
Q

How do storm surges contribute to storm hazards?

A

Flooding low lying areas

Inundation of agricultural land with saltwater and debris

Polluting freshwater supplies

Destroying housing and infrastructure

Enhanced coastal erosion

17
Q

When was hurricane Katrina and what was the storm surge height?

A

2005

Storm surge 7.6m

18
Q

What was the first recorded hurricane in the south Atlantic?

A

2004

Catarina

90mph winds

Torrential rainfall

Reflection of global warming because this is unprecedented

19
Q

How is coastal and river flooding a hazard?

A

Torrential rainfall

Often in excess of 200mm in just the first few hours

Flash flooding

20
Q

Why are urban areas more at risk of flooding

A

Impermeable surfaces

Water can overwhelm the drainage system

Encouraging rapid overland flow

21
Q

What percentage of landslides are caused by heavy rainfall?

A

90%

This increases pore water pressure which weakens cohesions and triggers slope failure

23
Q

What was one of the most dangerous landslides caused by storms?

A

1998

Hurricane Mitch

One of the North Atlantics most powerful tropical storms

18,000 people in Central America