key vocab for hazards Flashcards
what is ridge push?
the movement of plates that involves cooler, denser plates sliding sway from an ocean ridge under the influence of gravity
what is slab pull?
the movement of plates that involves older, denser tectonic plates sinking into the mantle at subduction zones
what are convection currents?
movement of magma in the earths mantle caused by the heat of the earths core
what is seafloor spreading?
the theory that the ocean floor is moving away from a mid-ocean ridge
what is paleomagnetism?
the altering polarisation of new land created
magma cools
the magnetic elements within the magma will align with the earths magnetic field
this alternates every 400,000 years
therefore this supports the theory of seafloor spreading
what is a plate margin?
the boundary between two tectonic plates
what is a destructive (convergent) plate margin?
two tectonic plates moving towards each other
what is a constructive (divergent) plate margin?
two tectonic plates moving apart from each other
what is a conservative (transform) plate margin?
two tectonic plates sliding past each other
what is a magma plume?
a column of magma that rises from deep within the earth
what is an example of an island that is a magma plume?
hawaii
what is the park model?
model used to explore the response of a country to a hazard with reference to the quality of life in that country
what is the hazards management cycle?
a model used to explore how hazards are managed
four phases
1. preparedness
2. response
3. recovery
4. mitigation
what is an example of a constructive (divergent) plate boundary?
oceanic and oceanic - mid atlantic ridge
continental and continental - the great rift valley
what is an example of a destructive (convergent) plate boundary?
continental and oceanic - the peru chile trench
oceanic and oceanic - mariana trench
continental and continental - himalayas mountain range
what is an example of a conservative (transform) plate boundary?
san andreas fault
