Stomach (21-22)

Question 1

The stomach is a ____________ organ that functions as …

Answer 1

Distensible organ that functions as a blender and reservoir

Question 2

The stomach temporally stores and digests food with strong acids and it changes

Answer 2

a bolus of food into a watery mixture called Chyme

Question 3

The stomach is __-shaped dilation distal to the esophagus, although its shape is quite variable due to its ability to distend

Answer 3

J-shaped

Question 4

It has a lesser curvature

Answer 4

which is a concave curvature

Question 5

greater curvature

Answer 5

which is a convex curvature

Question 6

Reflux of food into the esophagus from the stomach is prevented by contraction of

Answer 6

voluntary muscles of the diaphragm and smooth muscles around the esophagus where it enters the stomach (lower esophageal sphincter)

Question 7

Regions of the stomach

Answer 7

Cardia, Fundus and body, Pylorus

Question 8

Cardia

Answer 8

1.5-3cm wide transition zone between the esophagus and the stomach. Its glands primarily produce mucus

Question 9

Fundus and Body

Answer 9

histologically identical. Gastric glands releasing acidic gastric juice are located here

Question 10

Pylorus

Answer 10

Funnel-shaped region that opens into the small intestine. Its glands primarily produce mucus

Question 11

Mucosa - Epithelium

Answer 11

Simple columnar.

The cells secrete alkaline mucus, which forms a protective coat on the epithelial surface. The mucus protects the surface of the stomach from the acids and enzymes produced by the stomach

Question 12

The epithelium invaginates at regular intervals into the lamina proprietor forming

Answer 12

Gastric pits.
Leading into tubular glands, which project into the lamina proprietor.
1 to 7 glands open into the bottom of each gastric pit

Question 13

Glands produce

Answer 13

Pepsinogen and Lipase and Hydrochloric acid.

In acidic pH- pepsinogen is converted to pepsin for protein digestion