Stoke Flashcards
Sudden loss of neurological function as the result of disruption to blood flow resulting in tissue death
CVA
Types of CVA
Ischemic
Hemorrhagic
Risk factors We can control
HTN (>160/95)
Smoking
Hyperlipidemia (fat)
If your diastolic lowers by 5-6 mmHg, how much does risk of CVA decrease
40%
What are risk factors we cannot control
Age Sex (Male>females) Hereditary Race (AA>caucasian) Geography
Signs of Stroke
Numbness Difficulty speaking Trouble seeing Ataxia Headache
Acronym FAST… for getting there ASAP
Facial droop
Arm weakness
Speech Difficulties
Time
How are Strokes Dx
Non-contrast CAT scan MRI MRA EKG Echo TEE Telemetry Carotid Doppler
What results in lysis of fibrin?
tPA
What is tPA? And what is it used with?
Tissue Plasminogen Activator
Ischemic Strokes
What is the predictor for stroke after Transient Ischemic Attack?
U of Oxford ABCD scale
What does ABCD scale stand for
Age
BP
Clinical Features
Duration
Standardized tool to assess impairment from stroke
NIH Stroke Scale
To assess if tPA needed
When is NIH Stroke scale performed?
What is the max score>?
Baseline 2 hours post Tx. 24 hrs 7-10 days 3 months
42 max
NIH Score Severity for
0 1-4 5-15 16-20 21-42
No stroke Symptoms Minor Moderate Mod to severe Severe
80% of CVAs are
Ischemic
Decrease Blood flow from Ischemic attacks caused by
Thrombus
Embolic
An occlusion of small vessels associated with HTN or diabetes
Lacunar Infarct
excessive production of neurotransmitters
Ischemic tissue death
Toxic levels of lactic acide and hydrogen ions
Anaerobic Metabolism
Rim of mild to moderate Ischemic tissue around area of infarction
Penumbra
Brain tissue requires ____ of regular Blood flow to survive
20-25%
Common meds prescribed
Antiplatelets Anticoagulants Statins Antihypertensives Diabetic meds