STIs Flashcards
Who is in the ‘at risk’ group for contracting a STI and specifically which STIs?
Men who have sex with men (Most STIs)
Young people (Chlamydia + Gonorrhea)
Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islanders (Most STIs, particularly syphilis)
Culturally and liguistically diverse (Hep B)
How is chlamydia transmissable?
Vaginal, anal and oral sex
What is the most common STI in Australia?
Chlamydia
What type of microorganism is chlamydia?
Bacteria
How do you test for chlamydia?
Swabs/ Urine sample
Is chlamidia curable?
Yes, antibiotics
Is there a vaccine for chlamydia?
No
What are the symptoms of chlamydia?
Unusual discharge
Painful urination
typically no symptoms
How is gonorrhea spead and does it have symptoms?
Spread: Oral, vaginal + anal sex
In many cases, gonorrhea infection causes no symptoms.
Painful urination, unusual discharge
Gonorrhoea
What are the 4 stages of syphilis?
- Primary - a painless sore or ulcer (chancre) develops
- Secondary - rashes, swollen glands, headaches and pain
- Latent - it stops causing symptoms but is still infectious
- Tertiary - can reappear in the heart, brain or spinal cord
Syphilis
Syphilis
Mycoplasma Genitalium
Type:
Testing:
Curable:
Vaccine:
What symptoms does mycoplasma genitalium cause?
Similar symptoms to chlamydia but may cause infertility if not treated
Human Papilloma Virus
Type:
Testing:
Curable:
Vaccine:
How is HPV transmitted?
Through skin to skin contact.
What is the most common symptom of HPV?
Genital warts
Herpes
Type:
Testing:
Curable:
Vaccine:
What is the symptom for HSV-1 (herpes)?
Oral cold sores
What is the main symptom for HSV-2?
Genital Herpes
How is Herpes transmitted?
Skin to skin and oral sex
Molluscum Contagiousum
Type:
Testing:
Curable:
Vaccine:
How is molluscum contagiousum transmitted?
Skin to skin
Are there long termeffects of molluscum contagiousum
No
Pubic lice:
Type:
Testing:
Curable:
Vaccine:
What differentiates scabies and pubic lice?
Scabies burrow under skin and pubic lice attach to hair.
Scabies:
Type:
Testing:
Curable:
Vaccine:
How is trichomoniasis transmitted?
Unprotected vaginal sex (Seminal and vaginal fluids).
Trichomoniasis
Type:
Testing:
Curable:
Vaccine:
Thrush / Candidiasis
Type:
Testing:
Curable:
Vaccine:
Does trichomoniasis have long term effects?
Yes
Hepatitis A
Type:
Testing:
Curable:
Vaccine:
How is Hep A transmitted?
Occurs through contact w/ faeces so more common in men who bang men
Hepatitis B
Type:
Testing:
Curable:
Vaccine:
How is Hepatitis B transmitted?
Through, blood, semen and vaginal fluid
How is Hepatitis C transmitted?
Only through blood to blood contact
Hepatitis C
Type:
Testing:
Curable:
Vaccine:
Who is at risk for Hep C?
Everyone, but increased risk for Men who have sex w/ men and get the kink on (rougher practice)
What are the signs and symptoms of an STI?
DRIPS:
Discharge (unusual)
Redness or rash
Itching
Painful urination
Sores
What are the phases of HIV with no treatment?
Exposure
Window Period (2-12 wks)
Seroconversion
Asymptomatic phase (8-12 yrs)
AIDS diagnosis
AIDS phase (2-4 yrs)
How is HIV treated?
Anti-retroviral medication (ART)
- 1-3 pills daily
- Can treat to the extent where it is not transmissable anymore = Treatment as prevention
What is it called when someone is treated for HIV and reduce viral load to undetectable levels and cannot transmit?
Undetectable = Untransmissable
What is the PreExposure Prophylaxis? (PrEP)
PrEP is a medication that is proven to be highly effective at preventing HIV transmission through sexual contact when taken daily.
Contains Tenofir and emtricitabine.
99% effective
What is Post Exposure Prophylaxis?
PEP is a medication taken after a HIV exposure. It’s over 85% effective at preventing HIV transmission.
Must be taken within 72 hours.
Must be taken for 4 weeks
