Loss of pregnancy and Breast feeding Flashcards
What period is considered the fourth stage of pregnancy?
The first 12 weks after bebe is born
What % of women exclusively breastfeed to the 6th moth of their babies life?
15-25%
How long should babies be exclusvely breastfed according to the WHO?
6 months
How long does the WHO recommend breastfeeding child in conjucion with external sources of nutrients?
24 months
What are some diseases that breasstfeeding reduces the risk of?
SIDS, necrotising enterocolitis, diarrhoea, respiratory infections, otitis meda, obesity, diabetes and childhood leukaemia.
How can breastfeeding benefit mother?
Breastfeeding also contributes to better health for mothers – longer periods of amenorrhea lead to greater spacing between pregnancies, reduction in the incidence of invasive breast cancer, reduction in ovarian cancer and reduced maternal depression.
Whats the % of contraception that breastfeeding provides?
98%
How many feeds should a baby recieve through breastfeeding in the first 6-7 months of life?
8-12 feeds per 24 hours
How much colustrum can be made per day?
40ml/day
What are some benefits of colustrum?
Colonisation of microbiome
Laxative effect to move meconium
Where is lactose in breastmilk formed in the mothers body?
Golgi bodies of alveolar cells
Where is milk fat synthesised for breastfeeding?
Synthesised in the sER of alveoli cells
When is transitional milk produced by the mother?
7-10 days post-partum
What percent of mature breast milk is water?
90%
What percent of mature breast milk is lactose?
7%
What is the energy value of mature breast milk?
65kcal/100ml
What is polymastia?
Extra breast abnormality
What is polythelia?
Extra nipple abnormality
What is mastitis?
inflammation of the breast tissue most commonly by staphylococcus aureus. If left unmanaged and untreated it can progress to a beast abscess
What is considered a miscarriage?
A spontaneous loss of pregnancy before 20 weeks gestation or fetal weight less than 400g
What percent of preganacies end in miscarriage in australia?
10-20%
What is an early miscarriage (aka preclinical or biochemical) and how is it diagnosed?
Occurs prior to ultrasound or histological confirmation of pregnancy but shows elevated hCG in urine analysis
What is a clinical miscarriage?
A miscarrriage occuring post confirmation of interuterine pregnancy
What is an early clinical miscarriage?
A clinical miscarriage occuring in weeks 6-12
What is a late clinical miscarriage?
A clinical miscarriage occuring in weeks 12-20
What are pausible reasons for miscarriage?
Abnormal embryos (structural or chromosomal) 80% of early miscarriages
Maternal thrombophillic disorder
Immune dysfunction
Cervical incompetence
Infection (chorioamnionitis bacterial infection)
Luteal phase defect
What causes 80% of early clinical miscarriage?
Abnormal embryos
What is Fetal Death In Utero?
A death of a fetus >20 weeks gestation.
“a baby who has issued forth from its mother after the 20th week of pregnancy and has not at any time after being completely expelled from its mother’s body breathed or shown any signs of life”
What is a neonatal death
Death of a live-born baby within first 7 days of life.
When is a baby considered neonate?
1-28 days of life
When is a baby considered an infant?
28 day of life -> 1 year
What are the 4 sections of plausable cause for FDIU?
Maternal, fetal, placental, risk factors
