Prostate Development

Question 1

What are the 4 zones of the prostate?

Answer 1

Central, Peripheral, Transitional, Periurethral

Question 2

What percent of the glandular tissue of the prostate is the central zone?

Answer 2

25%

Question 3

Is the central zone of the prostate at risk of any malignancy or disease? If yes, what?

Answer 3

No, resistant to disease

Question 4

What % of the glandular tissue of the prostate is the peripheral zone?

Answer 4

70%

Question 5

Is the peripheral zone of the prostate at risk of any malignancy or disease? If yes, what?

Answer 5

Yes, most susceptible to prostate carcinoma.

Question 6

What part of the prostate is palpable during a prostate exam?

Answer 6

Peripheral zone

Question 7

What percent of the glandular tissue of the prostate is the transitional zone?

Answer 7

5%

Question 8

Is the transitional zone of the prostate at risk of any malignancy or disease? If yes, what?

Answer 8

Site of prostate benign hyperplasia (PBH), the nodular growth compresses the urethra

Question 9

What types of glands does the periurethral zone of the prostate contain?

Answer 9

Mucosal and submucosal

Question 10

Is the periurethral zone of the prostate at risk of any malignancy or disease? If yes, what?

Answer 10

May undergo pathological growth in later stages, also compresses urethra

Question 11

Answer 11

Question 12

How many tubuloalveolar glands are in the prostate?

Answer 12

30-50

Question 13

What are the 3 concentric layers of tubuloalveolar glands in the prostate?

Answer 13

Mucosal, Submucosal, peripheral

Question 14

What types of epithelium are in the prostate gland?

Answer 14

simple columnar / cuboidal / squamous / pseudostratified epithelium

Question 15

What does the prostate secrete?

Answer 15

secretes clear, alkaline fluid, protecting sperm from vaginal acidity

• citric acid, calcium, prostaglandins, enzymes
• prostate specific antigen (PSA) - diagnostic marker for prostate cancer
• prostate acid phosphatase (PAP) - alternate marker to PSA for Dx cancer
• fibrinolysin- liquefies semen

Question 16

What percent of semen volume is secreted by the prostate?

Answer 16

30%

Question 17

How many men over 50 show benign or malignant disease of the prostate?

Answer 17

40%

Question 18

How many men will develop prostate cancer?

Answer 18

1/11

Question 19

Is imparied function of prostate or prostatectomy life threatening or detriemetal to fertility?

Answer 19

No

Question 20

When in a mans life is enlargement of the prostate common?

Answer 20

>50yrs

Question 21

What are 3 symptoms of benign prostatic hyperplasia?

Answer 21

Nocturia (need to void at night)

Dysuria (Urination difficult/pain)

Urgency (sudden desire to void)

Question 22

What are some common treatments for benign prostatic hyperplasia?

Answer 22

Androgen reducing compounds (5-alpha reductase inhibitors)

Aromatase inhibitors

Question 23

What is the precurson of the prostate in embryology?

Answer 23

Urogenital sinus

Question 24

Describe the embryological development of the prostate starting at the urogenital sinus.

Answer 24

Urogenital sinus (UGS) is stimulated byt fetal testosteron from the testes

UGS mesenchyme acts on overlying epithelium to stimulate cell proliferation

UGS epithelium forms prostate ductal progenitor, the prostatic buds

Prostatic buds grow into USG mesenchyme

Question 25

What % of prostatic branching is complete at the neonatal stage of life?

Answer 25

80%

Question 26

Which hormone may be a potentail growth-inhibitor of the prostate?

Answer 26

Oestrogen