Stimulants: Lichtblau

Question 1

How do amphetamines and methylphenidate work as you increase dose?

Answer 1

1. Increase release of NE and DA
2. Block NE and DA re-uptake
3. Inhibit Monoamine Oxidase (MAO)

Question 2

How does Cocaine work?

Answer 2

Blocks repute of NE (motor) and DA (euphoria)

Question 3

Describe the tolerance to Cocaine.

Answer 3

There is some, but they can take the same dose every day and get the same effect

Question 4

MDMA enters the brain easily, why?

Answer 4

very lipophillic

Question 5

What is the mechanism of action of MDMA?

Answer 5

Stimulates release of and inhibits the repute of NE, DA, Epinephrine, and 5-HT.

Question 6

Which drug is an empathogen?

Answer 6

Ecstasy

Question 7

Which NT is released in response to Ecstasy and can cause a person to get to dangerously high temperatures?

Answer 7

5-HT

Question 8

What are the sympathomimetics in bath salts?

Answer 8

Methylenedioxypyrovalerone and Mephedrone

Question 9

Name the two xanthines

Answer 9

Theophylline and caffeine

Question 10

What is Theophylline generally used for?

Answer 10

Tx and prophylaxis of bronchial asthma (smooth muscle relaxant) and is Analeptic: increases respiration

Question 11

Why is caffeine used in migraine medications?

Answer 11

because it increases cerebral vascular resistance…we want vasoconstriction for migraine tx.

Question 12

What drug is discouraged for use in children because of sever skin rashes?

Answer 12

Modafinil

Question 13

Name the Eugenic drugs (wakefulness enhancers) that are used for tx of narcolepsy, shift work disorder, and excessive daytime sleepiness.

Answer 13

Modafinil and Armodafinil

Question 14

How do Modafinil and Armodafinil work?

Answer 14

They increase NE and DA release and elevate hypothalamic histamine levels. (and increase 5-HT release?)…seems unknown

Question 15

Which drugs have lower abuse potential?

Answer 15

The Eugeroics

Question 16

What do sympathomimetics do for speed and accuracy?

Answer 16

Increase speed, not accuracy

Question 17

When do sympathomimetics exert their greatest effects?

Answer 17

When you are fatigued or have lack of sleep

Question 18

What do sympathomimetics do to BP?

Answer 18

increase BP

Question 19

Describe sympathomimetic toxicity.

Answer 19

Acute: “Exaggerated therapeutic effects”, Chronic: “Amphetamine psychosis”–> hallucinations, paranoid delusions, marked weight loss

Question 20

How do you treat sympathomimetic toxicity?

Answer 20

Antipsychotic drug and acidify urine to ionize the drug

Question 21

Is there physical dependence to sympathomimetics?

Answer 21

Nope, but there is psychological dependence