STI's Flashcards
What is Fitz-Hugh-Curtis Syndrome?
Peri-hepatitis due to an ascending gonorrhoea infection that causes inflammation in the hepatic capsule
Characterised by violin-string adhesions in the capsule
What is used to diagnose Trichomonas vaginalis?
Wet prep of vaginal swab
PCR on urine if available
What is the most common method of diagnosis for syphilis?
Serology
How does the discharge in Gonorrhoea appear?
Thick, creamy
Can clog the urethra
What is the most common SIT?
Chlamydia
What is the trichomonas treated with?
Metronidazole 2g orally, single use
Tinidazole 2g orally, single use if metronidazole isn’t well tolerated
How do chlamydia bacteria appear histologically?
They are obligate intracellular pathogens
Characteristic elementary bodies form
What is the incubation period for gonorrhoea?
2-7 days
Why is it important to distinguish neonatal gonococcal ophthalmia from other causes of conjunctivitis?
Because it requires IV antibiotics as apposed to topical antibiotics
- Cefotaxime 50mg/kg IV, 8 hours, 7 days
Which cells does chlamydia infect?
Columnar epithelium
Are asymptomatic gonorrhoea infections more common in males or females?
Females (80% of infections are asymptomatic)
What samples are taken for gonorrhoea diagnosis?
Urine
Urethral swabs
Cervical swabs
Of samples from other areas the gonorrhoea can infect
How is Mycoplasma genitalium treated?
Azithromycin 1g
What is the causative agent of syphilis?
Treponema pallidum
What are common presenting signs of STI’s?
Vaginal or urethral discharge
Genital lesions
Warts - anus and genitals
Generalised dermatological signs
Pelvic involvement
What are some clinical signs of Trichomonas vaginalis?
Stawberry cervix (cervical erythema)
Frothy green-yellow vaginal discharge
Dysuria
Abdominal pain
Pruritis
How is chlamydia treated?
Azithromycin 1g oral, 2 doses 1 week apart
or
Doxycycline, 100mg oral, BD
What are the current, preferred treatment options for gonorrhoea?
Ceftriaxone 500mg IV/IM
Azithromycin 1g Oral
What are the symptoms of chlamydia in males?
Dysuria
Meatal erythema (redness around the tip)
Clear urethral discharge
Testicular pain
Prostatitis
Which stage of the chlamydia life cycle is infectious?
The elementary bodies
What is the transmission rate of chlamydia to newborns?
50%
For which infection is it common to test to see whether treatment has cured the disease?
Chlamydia
Which STI’s can cause Pelvic Inflammatory Disease (PID)?
Gonorrhoea
Chlamydia
What is clinical presentation of lymphogranuloma venereum?
It is a complication of chlamydia
Starts with a ulcerative genital lesion > Suppurative inguinal lymphadenopathy and procto-colitis (inflammation around rectum and colon)
When do you test for cure with chlamydia infection?
4-6 weeks
and also after 3 months is advised
What is the causative agent of chlamydia?
Chlamydia trachomatis
What is the most common presentation of chlamydia in newborns?
Conjunctivitis
What are some risk factors for Trichomonas vaginalis?
Risky sexual behaviour
Non steady partner
Marijuana use
What disease does Mycoplasma genitalium cause?
Urethritis in males
Cervicitis, acute endometritis, PID in females
May persist for 3-6 months
What is the clinical course of syphilis infection?
Primary infection: ulcer on genitals, 2-3 week post infection
Secondary infection: Generalised rash that will clear if left untreated
Early and late latent syphilis: Asymptomatic
Tertiary: 10-20 years later, can appear in any organ
