Stem cells & Animal Tissues

Question 1

Do all human cells look the same

Answer 1

No, each cell has different function in the body

Question 2

Stem cells

Answer 2

undifferentiated biological cells that can differentiate into different types of cells. Not specialized yet.

Question 3

3 different types of stem cells

Answer 3

1. embryonic
2. Adult
3. Induced pluripotent stem cells (iPS)

Question 4

Embryonic?

Answer 4

Pluripotent, Can become ALL types of cells, obtained from blastocyst (early stage embryo)

Question 5

Adult stem cells

Answer 5

Multipotent, can become anything of the group of cells in its associated cell line

Question 5

Induced pluripotent stem cells

Answer 5

Adult stem cells that were induced (programmed) to become pluripotent, capable of becoming any type of cell. Basically a embryonic but programmed to be like that

Question 5

Hiearchy

Answer 5

Looking at animals in its simplest form to its most complex form

Question 6

What are animal bodies organized in?

Answer 6

Hiearchy of increasing complexity

Question 7

Cells

Answer 7

Speacilized and branch to connect to other LIKE cells

Question 8

Tissues

Answer 8

Groups of specialized cells that have the same structure and function (hockey team)

Question 9

Organs

Answer 9

A structure composed of different tissues that works together to perform A certain function [aphs]

Question 10

Organ systems

Answer 10

Organs work with other organs to form systems that maintain vital bodily function,halton

Question 11

4 tissues animal?

Answer 11

1.epithelial tissue
2.Nervous tissue
3.connective tissue
4.muscle tissue

Question 12

Epithelial tissue function?

Answer 12

Prevents damage, heat loss, dehydration, infection. Protects body cavaties and organs. Eg, skin, air sacs in lungs, lining of digestive system

Question 13

Epithelial tissue structure?

Answer 13

Sheets of tightly packed cells, covers body surface, lines and the body’s internal organs

Question 14

Nervous tissue

Answer 14

Structure: long thin cells w branches, conduct electrical impulses btw brain, spinal nerves, body

Function: coordinates body’s movements, communicates messages within body to aid in survival

Eg: hand touching hot stove, msg to brain, brain interprets danger, brain sends msg to hand, hand leaves stove

Question 15

Connective tissues?

Answer 15

Structure: various types of cells and fibres, cells are held together by a liquid, solid, or gel matrix.

Function: joins tissues together, supports and protects structures. Provides insulation as it fills empty space between tissues.

Eg, bone, tendon, blood, cartilage

Question 16

Muscle tissue

Answer 16

Structure: bundles of long cells called muscle fibres. Capable of shortening and contracting

Function:movement of the human body, posture, movement of substances inside the body, and generation of body heat.

3 types of muscle tissues: skeletal, cardiac, smooth

Question 17

Types of connective tissue

Answer 17

Blood, bone, tendon, cartilage

Question 18

Bone

Answer 18

Made up of living cells and hard non-living material

Question 19

What is osteoporosis?

Answer 19

A disease, means you babe low bone mass, determination of bone tissue, and your bones can break easily. In bones, common in elder people.

Question 20

What’s the difference btw ligament and tendon

Answer 20

Ligaments are similar to string elastic bands, they connect BONES TO BONES

Tendons are tough, non elastic tissues that connect MUSCLES TO BONES

Question 21

cartilage

Answer 21

Strong, flexible tissue that cushions the surrounding joints

Eg, nose, ear, knees, rib cage

Question 22

What causes arthritis?

Answer 22

Loss of cartilage tissue

Question 23

Blood

Answer 23

Fluid tissue made up of 4 main components

1. Red blood cells: carry oxygen to body parts
2. White blood cells: fight infections
3. Platelets: clots blood if we get injured
4. Plasma: carries nutrients to body parts

Question 24

Skeletal

Answer 24

Striated muscle tissue (long, fine, fibers), attacked to skeleton, makes bones move, voluntary

Question 25

Cardiac

Answer 25

A muscle tissue

Striated muscle tissue (long fine fibers)

Lines the walls of the heart, involuntary

Question 26

Smooth

Answer 26

Muscle tissue

Not striated, muscle tissue is small and long, found in walls of tubes such as blood vessels, glandular ducts and digestive system. Involuntary.