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Science Grade 10 > Optics > Flashcards

Optics Flashcards

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1
Q

Types of light and describe them

A

Natural light eg: Sun and organisms

Artificial light: Light bulbs (Incandescent, sodium vapour, fluorescent)

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2
Q

Luminescence

A

Light generated without heat. 3 types of Luminescence, Phosphorescence, Chemiluminescence, bioluminescence

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3
Q

Phosphorescence

A

Type of luminescent light, light emitted for some time after ultraviolet radiation has stopped. Eg, Glow in dark paint, ceiling stars

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4
Q

Chemiluminescence

A

Light generated by energy released during a chemical reaction. Eg, Glow in the dark, fireworks, match stick

Type of luminescence

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5
Q

Bioluminescence

A

Light produced by living organisms. Angler fish, jellyfish, fireflies. Type of luminescence

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6
Q

Fluorescence

A

Emission of light by a substance that absorbs electromagnetic radiation (eg, UV radiation). Molecules go in an excited state but do not stay in it for lose and they lose energy in the form of heat light.

Eg, Highlighter, tonic water, laundry detergent.

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7
Q

Properties of waves

A

Crest - highest point of wave

Trough - Lowest point on wave

Amplitude - Wave height from rest position of the wave to crest.

Wavelength - Distance from one crest to the next crest. UNIT (M)

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8
Q

Wave

A

A disturbance that transfers energy from one point to another without transferring matter

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9
Q

Frequency

A

Number of wavelenghts per second (Symbol: f; units: Hz or S-1^)

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10
Q

Electromagnetic spectrum

A

Light is made of energy that behaves as both a wave and a particle but does not require matter to travel

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11
Q

Light

A

A complex form of energy which contains both particles (phontons) and waves

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12
Q

What is electromagnetic radiation classified according to?

A

Wavelength

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13
Q

What does shorter wavelengths mean

A

More energy the radiation possess

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14
Q

Types of electromagnetic rays and examples

A

Radio - FM/AM radio broadcasts

Microwaves- Radar, satellite, spacecraft communication, wireless networks, cell phones

Infrared - Sunlight, fires

Visible - Red, orange, yellow, green, blue, violet

Ultraviolet - Tanning beds, used to clean water

X-ray - Medical x-rays and security x-rays

Gamma - Radiotherapy (medical), disinfection, nuclear

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15
Q

Images in a plane mirror

A

Normal, Incident ray, Reflected ray, point of incidence, angle of incidence, angle of reflection

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16
Q

Normal

A

Dotted line PERPENDICULAR to mirror

17
Q

Incident ray

A

The ray moving towards the mirror

18
Q

Reflected ray

A

Ray that is reflected off mirror

19
Q

Point of incidence

A

Point on mirror where incident ray hits

20
Q

Angle of incidence

A

Angle between incident ray and normal

21
Q

Angle of reflection

A

Angle btw reflected ray and normal

22
Q

What is the law of reflection and what do scientists call the subjects infront of the mirror and in the mirror?

A
  1. Law of reflection is Angle of Incidence = Angle of Reflection
  2. Object in front of mirror is called the OBJECT. The likeness seen inside the mirror is called the image.
23
Q

Examples of concaved mirrors

A

Cosmetic mirrors, Hubble telescopes, Headlights

24
Q

Concave mirror

A

Reflecting surface that curves inward

25
Q

Principale axis

A

Line that’s PERPINDICULAR to center of mirror

26
Q

Vertex

A

Point where PA and mirror and mirror

27
Q

Focal point (F)

A

Point where reflected rays intersect when all incident rays (IR) are parallel

28
Q

Center of curvature (C/2F)

A

Point that represents the centre of the mirror if it were a full circle.

29
Q

3 rays in concave ray diagrams?

A
  1. Parallel - parellel line through, out from focul
  2. Focal - In through focal out parallel
  3. Vertex - Vertex point, equal, Law of reflection, equal angles
30
Q

Examples of convex mirror?

A

Parking garage mirrors, store security mirrors, Art, Blind spot mirrors/side mirrors

31
Q

Where do all reflected rays converge?

A

Behind the mirror

32
Q

Which mirror is LOST always the same for?

A

Convex mirrors

33
Q

Which type of mirrors only make virtual images?

A

Plane and Convex

34
Q

Which mirror makes your face appear bigger?

A

Convex mirrors

35
Q

Which colour has the highest frequency?

A

Violet has the highest. It goes inverse from lowest to highest eg, lowest is red, orange yellow green blue indigo and then violet.

Science Grade 10 (12 decks)

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