Mjtosis Flashcards

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1
Q

What is the cell cycle?

A

Cell cycle is a repeating cycle of events in the cells life. Consists of 2 main stages, interphase and mitosis (cytokinesis)

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2
Q

What is meiosis

A

To produce reproductive cells, sperm or ovum.

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3
Q

Explain interphase

A

Interphase is where the cell grows gains nutrients and prepares for division, made up of 3 stages. G1, S, G2

Cells spend 90% KF their life in interphase, they take in nutrients grow and replicate DNA

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4
Q

Explain G1, S, G2

A

G1 - first growth phase, cell grows and produces new proteins and organelles
S - synthesis phase , cell replicated DNA
G2 - cell produces the organelles and structures needed for-cell division

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5
Q

Goal of mitosis?

A

When cell divides to have 1 complete copy of genetic material from the cell, to have 2 identical daughter cells

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6
Q

What happens in the prophase?

A

The uncoiled chromatin condenses into sister chromatids. The nuclear membrane disintegrates, spindle fibers appear and centriols appear at opposite poles.

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7
Q

What happends in metaphase

A

Spindle fibres attach to centromeres and sister chromotjds line up in middle of cell

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8
Q

Anaphase

A

Sister chromotjds get pulled apart by centromere to opposite side of cell by spindle fibers

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9
Q

Telophase

A

Spindle fibres break down, 2 nuclei start to form, nuclear membrane comes back, chromosomes turn into chromatin again. Cell divides into 2, called cytokinesis

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10
Q

What is a cleavage furrow

A

A cleavage furrow is cytokinesis in an animal cell, it’s what happends when cells divide into 2. It pinches inwards

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11
Q

How do plant cells divide

A

Since plant cells have a cell wall which is rigid and can not bend, they form cell plates to divide with vesicles which are fused in the cell wall.

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12
Q

Necrosis

A

Cell dies due to external factors

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13
Q

What’s apoptosis

A

Regulated cell death. Eg white blood cells r removed after fighting infections

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