Stem Cells Flashcards
How are stem cells classified?
Totiptent, pluripotent, multipotent
Totipotent can…
give rise to all cells
Pluripotent can…
give rise to almost any cell
Multipotent can…
give rise to closely related cells
Example of totipotent
new organism
Example or pluripotent
neurons, skin, muscle, kidney, cartilage, bone, liver, pancreas
Example of multipotent
red blood cells, platelets, white blood cells
What type of a cell is a totipotent
Fertilized egg
What type of cell is a pluripotent
Embryonic Stem Cell
What type of cell is a multipotent
Adult Stem cells (Example from blood)
What are adult cells also known as?
Sotmtic Stem cells
What are embryonic stem cells also known as?
The inner cell mass
Where are Adult stem cells found?
Many organs and tissues and mainly bone marrow and hair follicles.
Where do embryonic stem cells come from?
Donated embryos grown in a clinic
Advantages of Adult Stem cells
May prevent transplant rejection
Disadvantages of Adult Stem cells
few in number, hard to isolate and grow, May contain more DNA abnormalities.
Advantages or Emrbyonic stem cells
Pluripotent,can be brown indefinitely in culture
Disadvantages of embryonic stem cells
patients body might reject them, raises ethical issues.
What do multicellular organisms depend on?
Interactions among different cell types.
What are tissues?
Groups of cells that perform a similar function
What are organs?
Groups of tissues that perform a specific or related function.
What are organs systems?
Groups of organs that carry out similar functions.
Specialized cells perform…
Specific Functions
Zygotes first divide into what
Embryonic stem cells
What is determination
Committing to become one cell type
What is cell differation
When cells develop into their mature forms
What does a cell’s location in an embryo help determine?
How it will differentiate
Why do cells differ?
Because different combinations of genes are expressed.
What do stem cells have to ability to do?
divide and renew themselves, develop into a variety of specialized cells types, remain undifferentiated in form.
