Organic Molecules/ Chemistry Flashcards
Ions
Form when atoms gain or lose one or more electrons
Covalent Bonds
Form when atoms share a pair of electrons these are strong bonds.
Molecule
two or more atoms connected by chemical bonds, which form the smallest unit of a substance that retains the composition and properties of that substance.
Water
Has unique traits such as polarity( charged region) High specific heat( resists changes in temperature) COhesion(producers surface tension because water sticks to its self) Adhesion(water sticks to other things) Universal solvent(dissolve other substances)
Carbohydrates
Made of Carbon, hydrogen and oxygen. It provides QUICK energy for cells some are part of cell structure
Lipids
Non polar molecules like oils, fats, and cholesterol. Make up cell membrane, used to make hormones, and break down as a LONG source of energy.
Starches
Starches are made and stored by plants and give them quick energy.
Nucleotide
Monomer of nucleic acid. Made of a sugar phosphate group and a nitrogen base.
Nucleic acids
Store genetic information. Instructions to build proteins. Examples: DNA and or RNA
Protieins
They are critical to most of the work done by cells and are required for the structure, function and regulation of the body’s tissues and organs.Building blocks of life/ living things.
Polymer
Polymers make up many of the materials in living organisms and are the basis of many minerals and man-made materials.
Polysaccharide
Polymer of Carbohydrates examples are sugars and starches
Peptide Bond
s a covalent chemical bond, which joins two amino acids by removing a water molecule (H2O) from an amino group
Macromolecule
Carbon based molecules that are the foundation of liffe
Amino acid
Monomer of protein used to build proteins in organisms. Interact to give protein its shape. Can change a protein’s structure and function.
Amino acid “R” Group
The side groups of amino acids
