Stats/Research

Question 1

a school psychologist designs a study to determine if student gender and grade level are related to the number of interactions male and female teachers have with their students. This study has ___ independent variable and ____ dependent variable(s)

Answer 1

3; 1

Question 2

In a negatively skewed distribution of scores, the __________ is the lowest score and the __________ is the highest score.

Answer 2

mean; mode

Question 3

To compare the effects of three SAT review programs, a researcher randomly assigns a sample of male and female high school students who have high, average, or low test anxiety to one of the three programs. Following completion of the programs, he assesses each student’s level of anxiety and performance on a mock SAT exam. This study has ___ independent variables and ___ dependent variable(s).

Answer 3

3; 2

Question 4

In a positively skewed distribution of scores, the ____ has the lowest value and the ___ has the highest value

Answer 4

mode; mean

Question 5

The Solomon four-group design is used to control which of the following threats to a study’s internal validity?

Answer 5

pretests sensitization

Question 6

To evaluate the effectiveness of a stress reduction technique for alleviating test anxiety, a psychologist administers a measure of test anxiety to Psychology 101 undergraduates, chooses the 50 students with the highest scores on the test, administers the intervention to the students, and then re-administers the measure of test anxiety. The biggest threat to this study’s internal validity is:

Answer 6

statistical regression

Question 7

counterbalancing is most useful for controlling which threat to external validity?

Answer 7

multiple treatment interference

Question 8

the time-series group design is most similar to what single-subject designs?

Answer 8

AB design

Question 9

which regression analysis technique is the appropriate technique for using measures of severity of depression, anxiety, dug/alcohol use, and cognitive impairment to classify individuals with major depressive disorder as being at risk or not at risk for suicide?

Answer 9

discriminant function analysis

Question 10

A researcher wants to evaluate the effects of virtual reality exposure for treating the storm, height, and spider phobias of a 34-year-old woman. The best single-subject research design for evaluating this treatment is ________

Answer 10

multiple baseline

Question 11

A psychologist designs a study to compare the effects of mindfulness-based cognitive therapy (MBCT) and mindfulness-based stress reduction (MBSR) on the anxiety symptoms of clinic patients who have just received a diagnosis of social anxiety disorder. The study will involve randomly assigning patients to one of the two treatments and measuring their level of social anxiety during the first treatment session and one week, one month, and three months following the end of treatment. The psychologist is using what type of research design?

Answer 11

mixed

Question 12

A company’s current selection procedure for computer programmers consists of seven predictors that are used to predict the job performance score that a job applicant will receive six months after being hired. The owner of the company wants to reduce the costs and time required to make selection decisions. Which of the following would be most useful for determining the fewest number of predictors needed to make accurate predictions about applicants’ job performance scores?

Answer 12

stepwise multiple regression

Question 13

Which of the following is the appropriate bivariate correlation coefficient to use when the scores to be correlated are both reported as ranks?

Answer 13

spearman rho

Question 14

When two variables are measured on an interval or ratio scale and their relationship is nonlinear, you would use which of the following correlation coefficients to assess their degree of association?

Answer 14

eta

Question 15

To determine the correlation between gender and yearly income in dollars, you would use which of the following correlation coefficients?

Answer 15

point biserial coefficient

Question 16

What does changing alpha (the level of significance) from .05 to .10 do?

Answer 16

Increases the probability of making a Type I error and decreases the probability of making a Type II error

Question 17

the central limit theorem predicts that the sampling distribution of means increasingly approaches normal as the ____ of sample increases regardless of _____

Answer 17

size; shape of the population distribution

Question 18

Parametric statistical tests are more “powerful” than nonparametric tests which means that, when using a parametric test, you’re more likely to:

Answer 18

reject a false null hypothesis

Question 19

A psychologist is planning a research study to evaluate the effects of a two-hour online lecture on statistics for improving the statistics knowledge of 35 psychologists who have just started studying for the EPPP. All participants will (1) take a pre-test consisting of 50 multiple-choice statistics questions on Monday, (2) attend the online lecture on Wednesday evening, and (3) take a post-test consisting of 50 multiple-choice statistics questions that are equivalent to the pre-test questions on Friday. To analyze the data she obtains in her study, the researcher will use which of the following?

Answer 19

t-test for correlated samples

Question 20

The analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) is used to:

Answer 20

statistically remove the effects of an extraneous variable on the dependent variable

Question 21

You would use which of the following statistical tests to compare the number of adults living in a rural, urban, or suburban community who have received a diagnosis of a bipolar disorder, depressive disorder, or anxiety disorder?

Answer 21

multiple-sample chi-square test

Question 22

To compare the effectiveness of two brief treatments for social anxiety disorder, you obtain a sample of individuals who have received this diagnosis, determine the severity of each subject’s social anxiety, match the subjects in pairs based on the severity of their symptoms, and randomly assign one member of each pair to one of the treatments and other member to the other treatment. To compare the scores subjects in the two groups receive on a measure of symptom severity after they receive treatment, you will use which of the following?

Answer 22

t-test for correlated samples

Question 23

a t-test for single sample compares ______

Answer 23

sample mean to a known population mean

Question 24

An investigator would use Jacobson and Tuax’s reliable change index (RCI) to determine if the difference between and individual’s pre- and post-treatment scores on a measure of symptom severity is _______

Answer 24

due to measurement error

Question 25

experimentwise error rate

Answer 25

the probability of making a Type I error

Question 26

to determine the degree of association between age in years and reaction time in second, you would use which correlation coefficient?

Answer 26

Pearson r