Clinical

Question 1

As described by Mahler, the beginning of object constancy follows which substage of separation-individuation?

Answer 1

Raproachment

Question 2

what are the 4 substages of separation-individuation

Answer 2

• differentiation
• practicing
• raproachment
• object constancy

Question 3

Glasser’s (1998) reality therapy is based on the premise that ____________ leads to the development of a failure identity.

Answer 3

irresponsible behavior

Question 4

Introjection

Answer 4

adopting other’s beliefs/values; being overly compliant or gullible (just accept what you are told without critically thinking about it)

Question 5

Projection (mentioned both as a psychoanalytic defense mechanism and as a Gestalt boundary disturbance)

Answer 5

attribute undesirable aspects of oneself onto others –will often result in paranoia

Question 6

Retroflection

Answer 6

do to themselves what they’d like to do to others

Question 7

Deflection

Answer 7

distancing from feeling and from others; avoiding; distraction; using humour

Question 8

Confluence

Answer 8

blur the distinction between themselves and others– underlies guilt and resentment

Question 9

what are the 3 factors motivation depends on (according to the transtheoretical model?)

Answer 9

• decisional balance
• self-efficacy
• temptation

Question 10

A young man complains that “everyone at work hates me.” His therapist says it may be true that his coworkers hate him and asks him to list the ways they have expressed their hate. The therapist is using what paradoxical technique?

Answer 10

positioning

Question 11

Which type of family therapy uses circular questioning?

Answer 11

Milan systemic family therapy

Question 12

Which type of family therapy is associated with differentiation?

Answer 12

Bowen’s extended family systems therapy

Question 13

Identify the 4 interpersonal problem areas mentioned in interpersonal psychotherapy

Answer 13

1. Interpersonal role disputes
2. Interpersonal role transitions
3. Interpersonal deficits
4. Grief

Question 14

In Strategic family therapy, what paradoxical directive involves telling the family not to change too fast

Answer 14

restraining

Question 15

what type of family therapy refers to problematic behaviour and power struggles as “dirty games”

Answer 15

Milan systemic family therapy

Question 16

what is the difference between triangulation (structural family therapy) and an emotional triangle (family systems therapy)

Answer 16

triangulation: each parent demands the child to side with them
emotional triangle: recruiting a 3rd person for added stability

Question 17

As defined by Bowen, the intrapersonal aspect of differentiation refers to a person’s ability to separate ______ from _______

Answer 17

thinking from feeling

Question 18

Arbitrary inference

Answer 18

Jumping to conclusions/mindreading/fortune telling: drawing negative conclusions without any supporting evidence

Question 19

Selective abstraction

Answer 19

magnification/minimization/mental filter: involves paying

attention to and exaggerating a minor negative detail of a situation while ignoring other aspects of the situation

Question 20

What is the ABCDE model in REBT? (what do the letters stand for?)

Answer 20

A- activating event
B - the client’s irrational belief about that event
C - the emotional or behavioral consequence of that belief
D - the therapist’s use of techniques that dispute the client’s irrational belief
E - the effect of these techniques, which is the replacement of the irrational belief with a more rational one.

Question 21

What are the 5 stages of Meichenbaum’s self-instructional training?

Answer 21

1. cognitive modelling
2. overt external guidance
3. overt self-guidance
4. faded overt self-guidance
5. covert self-instruction

Question 22

A practitioner of Beck’s cognitive behavior therapy uses the Socratic method to help clients:

Answer 22

identify and modify automatic thoughts

Question 23

self-instructional training is empirically supports for the treatment of children with _____

Answer 23

ADHD

Question 24

Dawn tends to jump to the conclusion that people she meets don’t like her even when there’s no evidence to support that conclusion. This is an example of which cognitive distortion?

Answer 24

arbitrary inference

Question 25

An organizational psychologist is hired by the manager of a small software company to help him find ways to motivate programmers who have the skills to do their jobs but are not as productive as the manager would like them to be. This situation is an example of which of the following types of consultation?

Answer 25

consultee-centered case consultation

Question 26

what are the most curative factors provided in group therapy (stated as most important by group members)?

Answer 26

interpersonal input, catharsis, self-understanding, and cohesiveness

Question 27

Transdiagnostic treatments are aimed at disorders that are:

Answer 27

caused and maintained by similar core mechanisms.

Question 28

Colorism

Answer 28

a form of internalized racism and is also known as color consciousness. It refers to “discrimination within a racial group based primarily on skin hue or color and may also include other physical characteristics such as hair texture and eye color

Question 29

Helm’s White Racial Identity Development Model proposes that each identity status is associated with a different information processing strategy. For example, the __________ status is associated with a strategy that involves selective perception and negative outgroup distortion.

Answer 29

reintegration

Question 30

People who are members of a minority group and are in the ________ stage of Atkinson, Morten, and Sue’s R/CID Model question the inflexibility of their positive attitudes toward their own minority group and negative attitudes toward the majority group.

Answer 30

introspection

Question 31

Atkinson, Morten, and Sue’s R/CID Model predicts that African-American clients are most likely to prefer a White therapist and to be uninterested in exploring their cultural identity when they’re in which stage?

Answer 31

Conformity