Statistics Flashcards

1
Q

What is type 1 error and type 2 error?

A

Type I error (error of commission) if an investigator rejects a null hypothesis that is actually true in the population

Type II error (error of omission) occurs if the investigator fails to reject a null hypothesis that is actually false in the population.

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2
Q

What is the definition of sensitivity and specificity?

A

Sensitivity: also called true positive rate; a test’s ability to detect an individual with disease as positive

Specificity: also called true negative rate; a test’s ability to detect an individual who does not have a disease as negative

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3
Q

What is positive predictive value and negative predictive value?

A

Positive predictive value: the probability that a patient with a positive test result actually has the disease

Negative predictive value: the probability that a patient with a negative test result actually do not have the disease

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4
Q

Define incidence and prevalence.

A

Incidence: a measure of the number of new cases of a disease that develop in a population in a specified time period

Prevalence: ; the proportion of a population who have a disease in a given time period, regardless of when they first developed the characteristic.

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