Statistical Principals WEEK 2 Flashcards
Allow researchers to summarise data in a readily understandable form
Descriptive statistics
Shows how frequently participants received each of the many possible scores
Frequency distribution
Index of the way a typical participant responded
Measure of Central tendancy
Measures of Central Tendancy
Mean, mode, median
Average
Mean
Most common score
mode
The score that falls in the middle
median
The extent to which results differ
Variability
Describes how much the average participant deviates from the MEAN (average)
Standard Deviation
p value
probability value
Difference between the highest and lowest scores
range
Findings are generally accepted when the p-value or likelihood of change is less than
5 in 100 p=<0.05 (5%)
Difference between two groups
Cohen’s d statistic
Looking at a correlation
Pearson’s r statistic
the extent to which participants tend to differ from one another in their scores
Variability
The amount an average participant deviates from the mean of the sample
Standard deviation
to determine if results have occurred simply by chance a
Chi Square
The approximate standard deviation of a statistical sample population
The standard error (SE)
statistical term that measures the accuracy with which a sample distribution represents a population by using standard deviation
Standard Error SE
measure of association between exposure (IV) and an outcome (DV)
Odds ratio
An odds ration —– the relationship between the IV and the DV
Quantifies
An Odds ration tell us how much
higher the odds of exposure are among one group than another
The futher away the odds ratio is from 1.0 that test us that the association is
stronger
The statistical significance of the odds ration can be tested using the
p-value (that you want to be less than 0,05 or <5%)
In real life it can be difficult to identify a clear relationship between one variable and another, and for that we have the
Adjusted Odds Ratio
Study design wheer researchs are study diffrences between 2 or more groups
Between groups study
Researchers are comparing conditions within the same group
Within groups design
