States of matter

Question 1

What is it called when a solid becomes a liquid?

Answer 1

Melting

Question 2

What is it called when a solid becomes a gas?

Answer 2

Sublimation

Question 3

What is it called when a gas becomes a liquid?

Answer 3

Condensation

Question 4

What is it called when a gas becomes a solid?

Answer 4

Deposition

Question 5

What is it called when a liquid becomes a solid?

Answer 5

Freezing

Question 6

What is it called when a liquid becomes a gas?

Answer 6

Boiling/evaporation

Question 7

What is the difference between boiling and evaporation?

Answer 7

Boiling only occurs at the boiling point whereas evaporation can occur at any temperature

Question 8

Solids (Distance between particles, arrangement of particles, movement of particles, speed of movement, energy of particles, forces of attraction)

Answer 8

• Close together
• Regular
• Vibrate
• Slowest
• Lowest
• Strongest

Question 9

Liquids (Distance between particles, arrangement of particles, movement of particles, speed of movement, energy of particles, forces of attraction)

Answer 9

• Close but further apart
• Random
• Move around each other
• Faster
• Higher
• Weaker

Question 10

Gases (Distance between particles, arrangement of particles, movement of particles, speed of movement, energy of particles, forces of attraction)

Answer 10

• Particles far apart
• Random
• Move freely
• Fastest
• Highest
• Weakest

Question 11

Diffusion

Answer 11

The random movement of particles that allows them to spread out from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration

Question 12

What is diffusion evidence for?

Answer 12

The random movement of particles

Question 13

Where is diffusion faster?

Answer 13

In faster moving particles and particles with low molecular mass

Question 14

What is dilution of solutions of coloured substances evidence for?

Answer 14

The small size/mass of particles

Question 15

Solute

Answer 15

A substance that dissolves to make a solution

Question 16

Solvent

Answer 16

A liquid that a substance dissolves in to make a solution

Question 17

Solution

Answer 17

What is formed when a solute dissolves in a solvent

Question 18

Saturated solution

Answer 18

Contains the maximum amount of dissolved solute at a certain temperature

Question 19

What does the solubility curve give?

Answer 19

The maximum amount that dissolves at a particular temperature to form a saturated solution

Question 20

How do you measure the solubility of a salt in water at xx^oc?

Answer 20

1. Heat some water to just above xx^oc
2. Add the salt to the water and stir rapidly till no more will dissolve and there is undissolved solid left over
3. Allow the solution to cool to exactly xx^oc
4. Pour off some of the solution into a pre-weigh evaporating basin
5. Weigh the basin and contents
6. Heat the evaporating basin to gently evaporate off the water (until constant mass)
7. Weigh the evaporating basin and contents
8. Divide the mass of the salt by the mass of the water then multiply by 100g