Organic Chemistry Flashcards
Hydrocarbon
A compound of ONLY hydrogen and carbon
What is the general formula of alkanes?
C(n)H(2n+2)
What is the general formula for alkenes?
C(n)H(2n)
What is the general formula for alcohols?
C(n)H(2n+2)O
Structural formula
Shows how atoms are joined together in a molecule
Displayed formula
Shows ALL the bonds in a molecule as individual lines
Homologous series
A series of compounds with similar chemical properties because they have the same functional group. The members show a gradation in physical properties
Functional group
An atom or group of atoms that determine the chemical properties of a compound
Isomerism
The existence of two or more different structures with the same molecular formula
What is the order of the first 4 alkanes?
Methane, Ethane, Propane and Butane
Addition
A reaction in which one molecule adds to another without taking anything away to form a single molecule
Combustion
A chemical reaction in which a substance releases oxygen (burns) to form products and heat
Substitution
A reaction in which an atom or group of atoms is replaced by a different atom or group of atoms
