Alcohols Flashcards
1
Q
What is the functional group of alcohols?
A
OH
2
Q
How can ethanol be manufactured?
A
Fermentation or catalytic hydration
3
Q
What are the conditions for the fermentation of glucose using yeast enzymes to produce ethanol?
A
The absence of oxygen at 30 degrees
4
Q
What is catalytic hydration?
A
Reacting ethene with steam in the presence of a phosphoric acid catalyst at 300 degrees and 60-70 atm
5
Q
Why does fermentation occur in the absence of oxygen?
A
If oxygen is present during fermentation, enzymes respire aerobically producing water and carbon dioxide instead of ethanol
6
Q
How can ethanol be oxidised?
A
- Complete combustion
- Microbial oxidation - in the presence of oxygen and bacteria, ethanol is oxidised to ethanoic acid
- Chemical oxidation - Ethanol is oxidised to ethanoic acid by heating it with potassium dichromate (VI) and sulfuric acid
7
Q
What colour change occurs in chemical oxidation?
A
The potassium dichromate (VI) changes from orange to green because it gets reduced
