Starting Research

Question 1

• Most research begins with an…
• Richard Feynman: Plate spinning with
  a watermark on it.
• “The pleasure of finding things
  out”
• What do we currently know?
• How do we know it?
• Is it correct?

Answer 1

• Most research begins with an idea, spark, inspiration…

Question 2

Five characteristics of good quantitative research.

Answer 2

SLERR

Question 3

Scientific Method of Problem Solving
* Step 1:
* Step 2:
* This step can be later in qualitative research!

• Step 3:
• Step 4:
• Often this is where you determine…
• Step 5:

Answer 3

Scientific Method of Problem Solving
* Step 1: Developing the problem
* Defining and Delimiting it

• Step 2: Formulating the hypotheses / theory / theoretical framework / central phenomena
• This step can be later in qualitative research!
• Step 3: Gathering the data
• Step 4: Analyzing, Encoding, and interpreting results
• Often this is where you determine the central phenomena in qualitative studies.
• Step 5: Reporting the results

Question 4

Unscientific Methods of Problem Solving:

Tenacity:

Authority:

Serendipity:

Intuition:

Scientific Methods of Problem Solving:

The Rationalistic Method:

The Empirical Method:

Answer 4

Tenacity: Holding onto beliefs despite conflicting evidence, simply because they’ve been accepted for a long time.

Authority: Accepting beliefs because an authority figure or expert asserts them as true.

Serendipity: Making accidental discoveries while searching for something else.

Intuition: Relying on gut feelings or instincts to solve problems, often without reasoning or evidence.

The Rationalistic Method: Using reasoning and logic to derive knowledge, often leading to hypotheses or theories.

The Empirical Method: Conducting systematic investigations based on controlled, evidence-based data collection and observation

Question 5

▪ Serendipity: This term was coined by…
and why

it is not a scientific way, what must you do after?

example?

Answer 5

▪ Serendipity: This term was coined by Horace Walpole in 1794 to describe those types of unexpected discoveries recounted in the fairy tale of “The Three Princes of Serendip”

▪ This is not a scientific method of problem solving but it is important to make discoveries and then apply the scientific methods to confirm them

• Wilhelm Röntgen playing around with cathode ray tubes..
• Discovered the X-ray (first Nobel prize)

Question 6

• CRISPR bacterial immune system becomes “maybe” the most
  important discovery of the 21st century….
  WHO?

Answer 6

CRISPR’s discovery, though not intended as a gene-editing tool, demonstrates how serendipity can lead to groundbreaking scientific advances. Jennifer Doudna’s contributions helped turn a bacterial immune system into one of the most important biotechnological breakthroughs of modern science.

Question 7

Steps to conducting research
and the process of refining

Answer 7

Question 8

Quantitative Research Purpose Statement

begin with words that identify the….
identify the important…
identify the …… that is guiding the study
Identify the …. in the study
mention the …. of inquiry

Answer 8

Question 9

Qualitative Research Purpose Statement

begin with words that identify the….
identify and describe the …..
recognize the….
identify the … for the study
mention the….
identify where….

Answer 9

Question 10

Mixed Methods Research Purpose Statement

begin with words that identify the…
identify the important…
describe the central….
identify the…. and….
….. in the study
where….

Answer 10