Stages of language development

Question 1

Age at the prelinguistic stage of language development

Answer 1

0-12 months

Question 2

Age at the holophrastic stage of language development i.e. uses single words with meaning

Answer 2

12-18 months

Question 3

Age at the telegraphic stage of language development i.e. able to combine words

Answer 3

18 months to 3 years

Question 4

Demographic factors that mean language will be slower to develop on average

Answer 4

Positive family history - most reliable
Male sex
Twins
Large families
Social classes 4-5
Any children who lack speech stimulation

Question 5

Age by which babbling should be seen

Answer 5

6 months

Question 6

Idea that the first words babies use are used only for specific circumstances e.g. a baby saying ‘duck’ but only to mean a specific rubber duck toy

Answer 6

Context bound

Question 7

One word substitutes for whole phrases or sentences

Answer 7

Holophrases

Question 8

The spontaneous way in which caregivers speak to babies e.g. high pitched, speaking about themselves in the third person, particular tonal patterns to words

Answer 8

Motherese/parentese/infant directed speech

Question 9

The babbling stage at which babies make sounds which may be used in other languages but are not used in their home language e.g. a french baby babbling using the ‘th’ sound

Answer 9

Phonemic expansion

Question 10

The stage following phonemic expansion where babies stop using sounds which are not found in their home language

Answer 10

Phonemic contraction

Question 11

Vocabulary at 18-24 months

Answer 11

40-240 words

Question 12

Vocabulary at 24-36 months

Answer 12

240-900 words

Question 13

Vocabulary at 3-4 years

Answer 13

900-1000 words

Question 14

Type of language characterised by longer, complex and context independent sentences

Answer 14

Elaborate language code

Question 15

Type of language characterised by short or incomplete sentences, use of phrases such as ‘you know’, focus on the present and little abstract thinking

Answer 15

Restricted language code

Question 16

Age at which a child speaks with the correct use of grammar

Answer 16

4

Question 17

Age at which a child speaks approximately the same as an adult

Answer 17

5

Question 18

Age at which children begin to understand syntax and grammar

Answer 18

3

Question 19

Risk factors for delayed speech development

Answer 19

Large family size and rapid successive pregnancies
Smoking in pregnancy
Family history of delayed speech development
Low levels of parental education
Divorce and absence of a father

Question 20

Strongest risk factors for language delay

Answer 20

Smoking during pregnancy

Large family size

Question 21

The age at which internal speech is developed

Answer 21

3

Question 22

The concept of thinking through concepts, having ideas and regulating the mind without external verbalisation

Answer 22

Internal speech

Question 23

Age to be able to understand jokes and puns

Answer 23

6-7

Question 24

Age to be able to use 3-4 words together and change the order of the words to make questions

Answer 24

2-3 years

Question 25

Age at which a child should speak in simple sentences

Answer 25

3