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Human development > Adolescence through to older age > Flashcards

Adolescence through to older age Flashcards

1
Q

Described by Anna Freud as the sudden changes between affection and lack of affection that occur in teenagers

A

Affective instability

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2
Q

Described by Erikson as a temporary poorly adaptive state that adolescents go through as they are questioning their identity

A

Adolescent turmoil

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3
Q

Expanded on Erikson’s psychosocial development to describe the formation of identity during adolescence

A

Marcia

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4
Q

As described by Marcia this occurs when an adolescent has not explored nor committed to an identity

A

Identity confusion/diffusion

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5
Q

As described by Marcia this occurs when an adolescent commits to an identity without exploring options

A

Foreclosure

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6
Q

As described by Marcia this occurs when an adolescent is exploring options but has not yet committed to an identity

A

Moratorium

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7
Q

As described by Marcia this occurs when an adolescent has explored their options and then committed to an identity

A

Achievement

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8
Q

Range of ages during which normal puberty starts in males

A

9-14 years

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9
Q

Range of ages during which normal puberty starts in females

A

8-14

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10
Q

Mean age of onset of puberty in males

A

11-12

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11
Q

Mean age of onset of puberty in females

A

11

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12
Q

Mean age at menarche

A

12.5 years

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13
Q

Age of puberty starting to class as precocious puberty in males

A

9

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14
Q

Age of puberty starting to class as precocious puberty in females

A

<8

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15
Q

Five stage criteria that describes physical changes in puberty in both males and females

A

Tanner’s criteria

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16
Q

Average tanner stage at which menarche occurs

A

4

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17
Q

Term for the onset of secondary breast development

A

Thelarche

18
Q

Average tanner stages at which the pubertal growth spurt occurs in males

A

3-4

19
Q

Average tanner stage at which the pubertal growth spurt occurs in females

A

2-3

20
Q

Nine stages of ego and personal identity development described by Jane Loevinger

A 
Presocial
Impulsive
Self protective
Conformist
Self aware
Conscientious
Individualistic
Autonomous
Integrated
21
Q

Term that describes the fact romantic partners are often from the same socioeconomic and cultural background

A

Homogamous mate selection

22
Q

Coined the term ‘midlife crisis’

A

Elliot Jacques

23
Q

Hormone released at times of increased stress that during pregnancy can increase the risk of preterm labour, low birth weight and intrauterine infection

A

Corticotrophin releasing hormone

24
Q

Phases in retirement

A 
Pre-retirement
Honeymoon
Disenchantment
Reorientation
Stability
Termination
25
Q

Stage of retirement in which there is increasing anxiety at the retirement of friends and peers

A

Pre-retirement

26
Q

Stage of retirement in which there is enjoyment of the increased freedom felt

A

Honeymoon

27
Q

Stage of retirement in which there is a slowing down and mood can be lower due to expectations not being met

A

Disenchantment

28
Q

Stage of retirement in which new avenues are explored and expectations become more realistic

A

Reorientation

29
Q

Stage of retirement in which activity choices are made and mastery may be attained in a chosen hobby

A

Stability

30
Q

Stage of retirement in which there is increasing frailty and physical problems and eventually death

A

Termination

31
Q

Created a developmental theory based on age rather than events

A

Levinson

32
Q

Loneliness felt by parents when children leave home

A

Empty nest distress

33
Q

Age at which the midlife transition/midlife crisis occurs

A

40-45

34
Q

The voluntary giving up of a pressurised career and well paid job for a more fulfilling life

A

Downshifting

35
Q

Reduction of social interaction in older adults where there is mutual withdrawal of society and the individual

A

Social disengagement

36
Q

Reduction of social interaction in older adults where the withdrawal is not mutual but forced

A

Social re-engagement

37
Q

Reduction of social interaction in older adults where increasing age lessens someone’s ability to engage in reciprocal roles, and their social contract allows for increased leisure time and decreased responsibilities

A

Social exchange theory

38
Q

Reduction of social interaction in older adults where someone wisely invests their time to a limited number of people they are most familiar with

A

Socio-emotional selectivity theory

39
Q

Evidence to support the existence of a midlife crisis

A

Little evidence

40
Q

People who adolescents prefer to discuss sexual and personal issues with

A

Peers

41
Q

Type of ceremony used in some cultures which leads to lower negative transition to adulthood, and lower risk-taking in adulthood

A

Initiation ceremonies

Human development (21 decks)

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