Stage B

Question 1

With which other bones do the parietal bones articulate (2)

Answer 1

Frontal, Sphenoid, Temporal and Occiput

Question 2

Where are: the Coronal suture? (1)
The metopic suture (1)

Answer 2

a) Between the frontal and parietal bones
b) Between the two halves of the frontal bone

Question 3

What three characteristics do you first look for when tuning into a Cranio-Sacral System? (3)

Answer 3

Quality, Symmetry, Motion

Question 4

Where is the Jugular Foramen located and what 2 bones form it? (2)

Answer 4

Anterio-lateral to the Foramen Magnum

between the occiput and temporal bones

at the occipito-mastoid suture

Question 5

What is the most significant factor required in a practitioner in order to enable effective engagement (1)

Answer 5

Calm, quiet, presence

Question 6

What are the Clinoid Processes and what attaches to them? (2)

Answer 6

Bony prominences on top of the sphenoid body

x 2 anterior and x 2 posterior

where the Tentorium Cerebelli attaches

(Also, the Diaphragma Sellae - small membranous sheet that stretches across the 4 clinoid process across the sphenoid body covers pituitary gland and stalk which ensures it stays in sub-arachnoid space and is washed in CSF.

Question 7

Name the 4 portions of the Occiput (2)

Answer 7

Squamous portion

x 2 condylar portions

basilar portion

Question 8

Where is the Spheno-Basilar Synchondrosis located? (2)

Answer 8

Between the body of the sphenoid and basilar portion of occiput

anterior to the foramen magnum

Question 9

To which bones does the Tentorium Cerebelli attach? (2)

Answer 9

Occiput, Parietals, Temporals, Sphenoid

Question 10

To which bones does the Falx Cerebri attach? (2)

Answer 10

Ethmoid, Frontal, Parietal, Occiput

Question 11

How is Cerebral Spinal Fluid produced? (1)
Where is Cerebral spinal fluid mainly located? (1)

Answer 11

CSF is extracted from arterial blood in the Choroid Plexi

within the Ventricular system and sub-arachnoid space

Question 12

Where is the Straight Sinus? (2)

Answer 12

At the junction between the Falx Cerebri, Falx Cerebelli and Tentorium Cerebelli

Question 13

Give the approximate rate of the following 3 rhythms:
Cranio-Sacral Rhythm (1)
Middle Tide (1)
Long Tide (1)

Answer 13

1) 5-10 secs
2) 20-25 secs
3) 100 secs

Question 14

What steps could you take to help you connect with the Middle-Tide? (3)

Answer 14

Relax; ground; breathe

Settling more deeply into stillness

Ask system if it wants to show mid tide (set intention)

Allow space for the system

expand awareness

Question 15

What is meant by a reciprocal tension membrane system? (2)

Answer 15

When tensions are reflected reciprocally throughout the system from one part to another

Membranous structures which support the body horizontally

When there is a distortion or restriction in one diaphragm it will be reflected in all other diaphragms as the others compensate in relation to each other

(transverse diaphragms = tentorium cerebelli; thoracic inlet; thoracic diaphragm and pelvic diaphragm)

Question 16

Describe the temporal bone motion. (3)

Answer 16

Wobbly Wheel motion

Squamous portion externally rotates during flexion whilst the mastoid portion moves medially

Question 17

In what direction is the Ear Hold process carried out? (2)

Answer 17

Lateral and angled slightly posterior (out and down)

Question 18

List the 6 fundamental principles of Cranio-Sacral Treatment (one word each) (6)

Answer 18

Engage
Allow
Follow
Stillness
Release
Reorganisation

Question 19

What steps could you take to help yourself to become more grounded during a treatment session? (4)

Answer 19

return to own fulcrums/midlines

roots coming down from feet into earth

breathe

come back into heart space

expand awareness above, behind, around

relax diaphragm if holding; letting go physically, mentally, emotionally

Question 20

Explain the importance of Stillness in Cranio-Sacral Therapy (3)

Answer 20

In a practitioner, it promotes calmness, sensitivity and awareness.

In a patient, it promotes greater openness and responsiveness

In the cranio-sacral process, it can represent the most significant moments of release, the points of balanced tension leading to a release and and the moments of deepest healing

In the cranio-sacral process it can also represent resistances and focal points of resistance etc.

Question 21

What is vitality?

Answer 21

Expressed as rhythmic motion

reflection of the vital force or aliveness of individual

Question 22

What is CS integration

Answer 22

Establishes inherent vitality and enable free flow of system to overcome disease, tension and conditions.

Establishes underlying strength of system.

Whole person in relation to the natural world, connecting with inherent forces of nature.

Awareness of anatomy and whole CS spectrum of therapies

Question 23

What is the anatomical CS system made of?

Answer 23

Membranes

Bones of Cranium and Sacrum

CSF fluid

Fascia

Question 24

What is the matrix?

Answer 24

Embryonic;

Individual - internal and external

Universal - whole person in relationship to environment

body/mind inter-relationship

Question 25

Where is the sub-arachnoid space?

Answer 25

Between the pia mater and arachnoid mater

filled with CSF

Question 26

What are venous sinuses?

Answer 26

Major channels for draining venous blood from the brain out via two internal jugular veins via the Jugular Foramen

Only exist in the cranium

Sinus means space so they are blood filled spaces formed between two layers of dural membrane.

They receive CSF via arachnoid villi