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Chapa 1 pump ops > ST Chpt 2 > Flashcards

ST Chpt 2 Flashcards

1
Q

SOPs and a good size up Are necessary prerequisite in the development of an_________.

A

Incident action plan

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2
Q

Important information about specific buildings can be obtained and analyzed in advance through________.

A

Pre-incident planning

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3
Q

________ Our general guidelines to be used at all structure fires or fires in similar occupancies

A

SOPs

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4
Q

________ Address any operation that can be handled using a standard approach

A

SOPs

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5
Q

________ Should be modified to include tactics related to recent research regarding fire behavior, venting, flow path, and staffing.

A

SOPs

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6
Q

_______ Provide a structure for the decision-making process including answering the questions of who makes what decisions, at what level of command and from where?

A

SOPs

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7
Q

Water should be applied to a fire as soon as possible from the safest location. This tactic is often referred to as________.

A

Softening the target

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8
Q

Essentially a statement is made that procedures are to be followed but the firefighters should follow a reasonable course of action when confronted with a situation in which modification of the procedure is appropriate

A

Reasonable person clause

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9
Q

The ability to save lives and property is directly related to

A

Response time

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10
Q

Using the onboard water supply to attack the fire is sometimes referred to as an

A

Attack pumper tactic

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11
Q

_________ Is one way to provide a continuous water supply when the water supply is a considerable distance from the fire

A

Relay pumping

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12
Q

If a water shuttle operation is implemented the IC Should establish a

A

Water supply group

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13
Q

A full load of water could easily overload a tank truck that normally transports products lighter than water. An important safety Consideration is the vehicles_______.

A

Center of gravity

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14
Q

Frame buildings built prior to 1940 maybe_______.

A

Balloon frame construction

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15
Q

Where as frame buildings built later will probably be________.

A

Platform frame construction

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16
Q

If the facility falls under the requirements of___________, then hazardous materials planning is mandated by law.

A

Title III superfund amendments and reauthorization act SARA

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17
Q

Establishing_______ is step 1 in the size up.

A

SOPs

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18
Q

___________ is step 2

A

Pre-incident planning

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19
Q

The local ________ Decides which properties are required to have lockboxes and selects a standard key lock system that will be used throughout the community

A

Authority having jurisdictions

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20
Q

A________Open all lockboxes in that community

A

Dedicated key

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21
Q

NFPA 1, fire code, now requires that a ________ be used throughout the jurisdiction.

A

Standard elevator key

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22
Q

__________Is vital to the safety of firefighters and the efficient delivery of community fire protection

A

Pre-incident planning

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23
Q

__________ is a time Intensive activity that requires extensive data collection and data entry

A

Preincident planning

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24
Q

Probably the most difficult to construct and most important part of the pre-incident plan is the________.

A

drawings

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25
Q

___________ Include both the narrative and drawings

A

Formal preincident plans

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26
Q

________ Are the most important part of the pre-incident plan

A

Drawings

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27
Q

________ Are best written In outline form with extremely important information highlighted color-coded or otherwise identified to draw attention to critical information

A

Narratives

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28
Q

This plan is used when a property has more than three buildings or when it is necessary to show the layout of the premises and the relationship between buildings on the site

A

Complex pre-incident plan

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29
Q

A property with a substantial risk to life and property should be the subject of a________.

A

Formal pre-incident plan

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30
Q

The _________ Would include a drawing of the property specific floor layouts and narrative describing important features

A

Formal pre-incident plan

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31
Q

Marking the exterior of dangers buildings such as painting a large X at the top level of a building that should not be entered because of structural problems would be another form of_______.

A

Notation pre-plan

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32
Q

A fourth category of preincident planning by occupancy could be described as either a_______ or the _______.

A

Training issue or the topic of an SOP

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33
Q

To remove water from the upper floors of a building cruise can remove the toilets from the floors creating a ______ drain.

A

4 in

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34
Q

When preparing a pre-incident plan one of the most common errors is_______.

A

Pre-assigning companies to respond to specific locations

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35
Q

If there is a high life hazard(including firefighter safety issues), A particularly difficult Extinguishment problem, or high value property, then there is a need to prepare a _________.

A

Pre-incident plan

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36
Q

Properties with ________ Should be the highest priority for planning

A

HIGH Life hazards

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37
Q

Buildings that present an extraordinary challenge in terms of life safety extinguishment and salvage should be______.

A

Preplanned

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38
Q

_________ Describe a standardized method addressing predictable operational circumstances

A

SOPs

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39
Q

Pre-incident plans are building specific, while ______ are general

A

SOPs

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40
Q

Occupancies with ________ Present a hazard to firefighters but could also be preplanned due to the large rate of flow required to extinguish a fire

A

Long span roofs

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41
Q

A ________ Pre-incident plan maybe enough for buildings that have previously been damaged by fire or weather

A

Notation type

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42
Q

A building with compartments requiring more than ______ Standard pre-connected hose lines as calculated by using the volume of the fire compartment divided by 100 should be preplanned

A

Two

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43
Q

______ is a natural extension of the SOP and preplanning

A

Size up

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44
Q

________ Get the operation off to a predictable start while pre-plans provide specific information about the building in advance of the fire

A

SOPs and preplans

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45
Q

The initial size up analysis is limited to evaluating_______.

A

Primary factors

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46
Q

Factors related to_______Are most likely to be critical

A

Life safety

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47
Q

_______Actually begins before the incident with the development of SOP’s and preincident planning

A

Size up

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48
Q

Size up continues throughout the incident and should continue through the_______.

A

Overhaul phase

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49
Q

Smoke and fire conditions are directly related to occupant survival and firefighter safety and are ________ at a structure fire

A

Primary factors

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50
Q

A ventilation opening including opening a door to gain access could create a flow path that increases the oxygen concentration resulting in a dramatic increase in visible smoke and flames

A

Flashover is a critical indicator at a structure fire

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51
Q

However _______ is generally the best way to realistically determine Fire intensity when an interior attack is possible

A

Interior reconnaissance

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52
Q

_______ Generally increase the available oxygen and often result in the rapid increase in fire intensity and size

A

Vent openings

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53
Q

_________ Involves moving the fire away from occupants and firefighters

A

Venting for life safety

54
Q

A common life safety venting tactic included in the SOP‘s for many departments is to remove ______ or ______ at the top of a stairway in a multi story building.

A

Remove a scuttle or other cover over a built-in opening

55
Q

The nfpa recommends that each home have an evacuation-plan following the exit drills in the home ______ educational program.

A

EDITH

56
Q

Many public buildings also have ____ where immobile occupants wait for assistance.

A

Areas of refuge

57
Q

The _______ Is set up to keep nonresponse people out of the area

A

Fire perimeter

58
Q

The primary firefighter Accountability system is

A

Nims

59
Q

a formal Accountability system is required by

A

NFPA 1500

60
Q

A team of at least two firefighters must be immediately available to rescue fellow firefighters who need assistance

A

Rapid intervention crew RIC

61
Q

Although not required by regulations and standards good practice dictates that at least _______ and _______ be assigned to RIC as soon as possible.

A

An officer and three firefighters

62
Q

A collapse zone the height of the structure plus an allowance of debris scatter is recommended. In most cases this translates to a collapse zone that is ______.

A

One and a half times the height of the building

63
Q

When confronted with they well-involved fire in a noncombustible structure determining the ________ is a primary factor.

A

Collapse zone

64
Q

The _______ building, as the name indicates is superior to all other building types in regard to structural stability under fire conditions.

A

Fire resistive type 1

65
Q

Most modern buildings with large open areas will have a lightweight _________.

A

Engineered roof support system

66
Q

If a ________ is present, especially a ________, it should be highlighted on the preplan narrative and a symbol added to the drawing indicating a _____.

A

Truss roof

Long span truss roof

Truss roof

67
Q

_______Have been responsible for many firefighter fatalities

A

Truss roofs

68
Q

Even if the building does not warrant preincident planning, a ______ should warn responding firefighters of structural damage or hazards such as holes in the floor.

A

A notation

69
Q

The ________Is the load impose on structural members by the building and permanent attachment

A

Dead load

70
Q

Of special consideration or heavy roof loads such as roof mounted equipment, particularly if the roof is supported by_______.

A

Unprotected truss construction

71
Q

Most buildings except for __________ contain multiple concealed spaces.

A

Type 4 heavy timber

72
Q

As firefighters make entry they should use a_______ To determine whether the fire has penetrated the ceiling and made its way into the false ceiling area

A

Thermal imaging camera TIC

73
Q

Rate of flow formulas are based on the size of the_______

A

Fire compartment

74
Q

Lightweight structural members and energy efficient windows are considered_________.

A

Green

75
Q

The underwriters laboratories study impact of ventilation on fire behavior in legacy and contemporary residential construction indicates that residential fuel loads found today are________.

A

Higher and burn faster than in the past

76
Q

In most cases manual fire suppression systems refers to a

A

Standpipe system

77
Q

However the most common pathway for Smoke is upward; therefore, most smoke damage occurs on the ________.

A

Fire floor or above

78
Q

The best way to reduce smoke damage is to_________.

A

Ventilate The building

79
Q

____________ Is generally the most important and difficult resource to obtain when initiating an offense of attack

A

Staffing

80
Q

NFPA 1710 establishes a minimum staffing level of _______ Firefighters to safely and efficiently combat a working structure fire in a two-story single-family dwelling with no basement and no threatened exposures

A

14 or 15

81
Q

Firefighters should not attempt to disrupt the power supply in large properties with

A

High-voltage service

82
Q

The size up chronology

A 
SOPs 
Preincednt plans 
Shift/day/time 
Alarm route
En route
Visual observations at the scene
Information gained during continuing operations 
Overhaul
83
Q

As an example, if department SOPs specify that the first arriving pumper should pull past the main entrance to allow room for the first arriving truck company, preconnected hose lines should be specified in locations that permit efficient deployment to the _____

A

Rear of the apparatus

84
Q

The most valued fire suppression resource in any community is the

A

Firefighter

85
Q

Is a critical part of community fire protection

A

Water supply

86
Q

A well maintained water distribution system with closely spaced fire hydrants and large flow capacity provides the

A

Ideal water supply

87
Q

Supplying water from the apparatus _____ is the fastest and least labor intensive

A

Apparatus tank

88
Q

Most residential fires are within the capacity of a _______ and, if properly applied, can be extinguished, or at least controlled, with the water carried on board

A

1 3/4 inch

89
Q

Determine flow requirements and the best method to meet the calculated flow during

A

Preincident planning

90
Q

Preincident plans are a natural extension of

A

SOPs

91
Q

All properties requiring lock boxes according to the local code use the same

A

Dedicated key

92
Q

Some departments use a ______ to access the apparatus lock box that tracks when the dedicated key box was opened and by whom

A

Key code system

93
Q

However if possible, line personnel who are most likely to respond to an incident at the property should conduct the

A

Preincident plan survey

94
Q

Keeping preincident plans current is at least as important as creating the initial

A

Preincident plan

95
Q

A word of caution: the use of onboard computers is the preferred method of storing large numbers of

A

Preincident plans

96
Q

As an additional precaution, preincident plan information should also be stored onboard fire vehicles as a ____ when the communications network or terminal fails.

A

Back up

97
Q

When considering new preplan software, it is best to purchase a program that can import and modify

A

Auto cad drawings

98
Q

On the other end of the spectrum is a building, where a simple _____ is made about a particular problem, such as holes in the floor due to previous fire

A

Notation

99
Q

The use of _________ allows much more information to be accessed without cluttering the top layer of the drawing and narrative

A

Computerized pre incident planning

100
Q

Plays a major role in determining extinguishment needs

A

Compartmentation

101
Q

Factors related to life safety are most likely to be critical. These most important factors are known as

A

Primary factors

102
Q

Less important factors are categorized as

A

Secondary factors

103
Q

Occupants inside post ______ compartments have a very low probability of survival

A

Flashover

104
Q

Is the primary life safety tactic and an operational priority

A

Extinguishment

105
Q

For all these reasons and more, the only way to be sure the building has been evacuated is to conduct a

A

Primary search

106
Q

Many large of life fire reports in places of assembly address _____ as a major problem

A

Unfamiliarity

107
Q

Is the ICs most important consideration

A

Safety

108
Q

It is critical that the IC continually reevaluate the situation in terms of

A

Risk management

109
Q

The size of the area to be searched, smoke conditions, rescue methods available, and the condition of the occupants determine how many crews should be assigned to the

A

Primary search

110
Q

A thorough ______ analysis determines whether the operation will be offensive or defensive

A

Risk versus benefit analysis

111
Q

A major risk versus benefit consideration involves evaluating

A

Structural conditions

112
Q

But be aware that many collapses occur with no perceptible warning, especially in buildings constructed using light weight materials such as

A

Trusses

113
Q

Determining a collapse zone provides a good example of how the same size up factor can be

A

Primary or secondary

114
Q

In contrast, it would be a secondary factor for a minor fire in a fire resistive building

A

Collapse zone

115
Q

The roof covering can be important, particularly if it is combustible such as a

A

Wood shingle

116
Q

Some departments place a______ directly on the building to indicate structural damage or other structural problems

A

Placard

117
Q

The fire officer must consider serious ______ as a critical factor when deciding whether to take an offensive or defensive approach

A

Prefire damage

118
Q

The type of construction will be a major factor in determining the overall

A

Dead load

119
Q

Knowing a buildings ____ is important when developing incident specific tactics

A

Live load

120
Q

The type of construction and occupancy, both of which can be known before the fire, will be major clues in determining

A

Extension probability

121
Q

The _____ determines the effectiveness of ground based fire apparatus

A

Height of the building

122
Q

All ____ buildings should be preplanned

A

High rise

123
Q

Is nearly always a primary factor at a working structure fire

A

Extinguishment

124
Q

The most important objectives are those related to

A

Life safety

125
Q

Other parts of the fire building or connected structures are categorized as

A

Internal exposures

126
Q

Property in water path ways below the fire will have a high probability of

A

Water damage

127
Q

When water cannot be directed away from salvageable property, the most common way to protect property from water damage is to place _________ over the exposed contents, staring with property that is in the water pathway and most susceptible to water damage

A

Covers over the exposed contents

128
Q

Property that is susceptible to smoke damage on the fire floor and above is most likely to be

A

Damaged

129
Q

Are typically labor intensive

A

Offensive operations

130
Q

Conversely, _____ require fewer fire fighters operating apparatus and equipment that require large volume water supplies

A

Defensive operations

131
Q

When all staffing or all apparatus are being used and the incident is not resolved, a _____ is needed

A

Tactical reserve

132
Q

When confronted with a working fire, it is good practice to maintain a _____ in staging, as forces can be rapidly deployed from a staging area

A

Tactical reserve

Chapa 1 pump ops (38 decks)

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