Pump Ops Chpt 16 Flashcards
The supporting beams of the ladder are of _______, which provides the required strength for this work application
Aerial ladder truss construction
Consist of an assembly of bars and rods to form a rigid framework
Trusses
Engineering design has proven that _____ lend more strength if their assembled members form triangles
Trusses
A properly designed _____ permits tension and compression stresses to be distributed over the length of the ladder for maximum strength and minimum weight
Truss
The bottom section of the aerial ladder is referred to as the _____
Base
The second and subsequent sections that extend beyond the base section are called the _____
Fly sections
The two most common materials for construction of aerial ladders are
Heat treated aluminum and steel
The base rails , also commonly called the _____, are the lower chords of the aerial ladder to which rungs, trusses, and other portions of the ladder are attached
Beams
_____ also called handrails, are the top chords to which the opposite ends of the trussing are attached
Top rails
The ____ are the portions that are attached between the two rails and are used as steps for personnel on the aerial ladder.
Rungs
Aerial ladders designed and built with ____ as a standard feature provide greater strength than with older designs
K bracing
The function of the _____ is to provide power for operating the various hydraulic components needed to stabilize the apparatus and operate the aerial device
Hydraulic system
The _____ transforms power into mechanical force
Actuator
Is the medium by which the system transmits force
Hydraulic fluid
Force is created on the fluid by a
Hydraulic pump
The pump is powered by a _____arrangement off the vehicles main engine
PTO
The _______ supplies the hydraulic fluid that is moved in and out of the system
Hydraulic reservoir
Prevent fluid from overflowing backward through a component and act as a safety feature in the event that a leak develops in the system
Check valves
Limit the pressure built up in the system, thus preventing damage due to over pressurization.
Relief valves
Prevent unintentional or undesirable motion of the device from its established position
Counter balance valves
One of the more important valves in the system is the _______ also known as the transfer or diverter valve, a three way that directs fluid to either stabilizer control valves or the aerial device control valves
Selector valve
Convert energy in the system into linear mechanical force or motion when pressurized hydraulic oil is directed into a chamber created by fitting a piston into a cylindrical barrel
Hydraulic cylinders
Hydraulic cylinders used for elevation and telescopic control of the aerial device and for operating the stabilizers are ______
Double acting
Most modern aerial apparatus are equipped with hydraulically operated stabilizers sometimes called
Outriggers
Are sometimes referred to as elevating or lift cylinders
Hoisting cylinders
The end of the piston rod outside the cylinder is fitted with a ______ that is anchored to the aerial device or to a turntable, depending on The make of the apparatus
Trunnion
Normal hydraulic pressure is from ________
850 to 3000 psi
Many new hoisting cylinders are equipped with ________ that lock and hold oil in the cylinder in the event of a leak or blowout
Integral safety valves
Regardless of its regional name, the ________ is the most common type of aerial fire apparatus operated in North America
Aerial ladder apparatus
An ______ is a power operated ladder that allows firefighters to easily ascend and descend between the tip of the ladder and the turntable for firefighting or rescue operations
Aerial ladder
The primary function of the turntable is to provide________Of the aerial device
Rotation
In aerial ladders made in North America, the fully extended length ranges from _______
50 to 137 ft
The working height for aerial ladders is measured from the ______ with the ladder at maximum elevation and extension
Ground to the highest ladder rung
Is required so that the platforms position is horizontal to the ground at all times
Elevating platform leveling system
The required minimum floor area of a platform is
14ft
Each platform must have a rail completely enclosing the floor area with no opening under the railing greater than the
24 inches
Is required a floor level And should be 4 inches high
Kickplate
Is built into protect firefighters on the platform from radiant heat
Heat protective shield
NFPA 1901 requires a protective water ________ be provided on the bottom of the platform
Fog curtain nozzle
NFPA 1901 requires the nozzle to flow at least _____
75 gpm
All elevating platforms must have a minimum load capacity of 750 pounds when the aerial device is fully extended, at any elevation within its normal range of motion, and with no water in the piping system. This load requirement drops to __ when the water delivery system is charged
500 pounds
The water delivery system must be capable of discharging at _____ at 100 psi nozzle pressure when the aerial device is any position
1000 gpm
Elevating platforms that are 110 feet or shorter should be able to be raised from the bedded position to the maximum elevation and extension and be rotated _____or less
90 degrees in 150 seconds or less
On the extending part of the aerial are common and useful on the tip fly section, near the platform or externally at the base
Roof ladders
The working height of all types of elevating platforms is measured from the ________ when the aerial device is at maximum extension and elevation
Ground to top surface of the highest platform handrail
The most common aerial ladder platform in service today is the ______
Straight chassis, three axle vehicle with rear mounted aerial device
Common sizes of telescoping aerial platforms in use in North America range from ______
75 to 100 feet
Telescoping aerial platforms devices have two or more sections and are made of either ______
Box beam or tubular truss beam construction
Consists of four sides of steel or aluminum welded together to form a box shape with a hollow center
Box beam
Tubular steel or aluminum is welded or ______to form a box shape cantilever or triangular truss design
Huck bolted
Instead of telescoping into each other, the boom sections are connected by a hinge, and they fold and unfold like an elbow
Articulating aerial platform
An additional benefit of an articulating aerial platform is that the assembly enables the platform to go up an over and into areas that are not accessible with a ______
Straight line apparatus
Standard articulating aerial platforms range in height from _______
55 to 85 ft
Many fire departments choose to outfit their pumpers with
Water towers
Most water towers are designed so that their fire streams may be deployed at a range of elevation starting from a few degrees below horizontal to nearly_____ from the ground
90 degrees
Common sizes for these devices range from 50 to 130 ft
Water towers
They are capable of maximum flows ranging from
Water towers
1000 to 5000 gpm water towers
The extension and retraction cables are usually corrosion resistant aircraft quality cables of made with a very high strength steel called ______ and they are resistant to abrasion
Plow steel
Is the rotational structural component of the aerial device
Turntable
On most aerial apparatus, The lower aerial device control pedestal is located on the
Turntable
The operators ______ is designed for operators of all heights and is positioned on the turntable side of the aerial apparatus
Control pedestal
The aerial device function must not activate unless the stabilizers are fully deployed
Aerial stabilizers
The device will not move into regions where it would make co tact with the body or cab
Body collision
The aerial device will not rotate over the side of the apparatus where the stabilizers are not fully extended
Rotational interlock short jack
The device will not retract completely without the activation of the retract override function
Retraction
The device will not drop into the cradle if the master stream nozzle is not properly positioned
Nozzle stow
The aerial device will not operate until parking brakes have been set and the transmission has been placed in neutral or the transmission is in the drive position with the driveline to the rear axle disengaged
Aerial functions interlocks
The cab will not raise is the engine is running
Cab interlock
Th engine starter will not work unless the tiller operator is seated and belted or a tiller cab start button engaged
Tiller operator interlock
Are used to discharge elevated master streams for fire attack from the aerial device
Water delivery systems
Are the most common type while bed ladder pipes are mostly found on older aerial devices
Telescoping waterways
The oldest type of pre piped aerial ladder water way is the _______, which is a section of pipe, usually 3 or 3 1/2 inches in diameter, attached to the underside of the bed section of the aerial ladder
Bed ladder pipe
Most new aerial ladders are equipped with a ____ that extends toward the top of the ladder
Telescoping water way
Most telescoping water systems are capable of flows up to
1000 gpms
Some telescoping pre-piped waterway systems allow the operator to secure or pin the master stream monitor to _____locations along the device
2 locations
Aerial ladders not equipped with pre piped water way systems have ______ appliances
Detachable ladder pipe
Most ladder with detachable ladder pipe appliances restrict the sideways movement of the nozzle to about _____ either side of center
15 degrees
Because elevating platforms typically have greater load capacities than aerial ladders, the piping on these systems may be larger, and flows of up to _____ are not possible on some models
2000 gpms
Most elevating platforms are also equipped with at least one ______ discharge in the platform allowing handlines to be stretched from the platform if they are needed on upper levels.
2 1/2 inch
Are the most common power source used for emergency services and can be portable or fixed to the apparatus
Generators
Typically have 110/220 volt capacities and are gasoline or diesel powered
Portable generators
Usually have a larger capacity than portable units
Vehicle mounted generators
In addition to providing power for portable equipment _________ are responsible for providing power for the apparatus flood light system
Vehicle mounted generators
All vehicle mounted generators must be installed in accordance with applicable______
Electrical codes
Are used where fixed lights are not able to reach or when additional lighting is necessary
Portable lights
Are mounted to the vehicle or aerial device, and there may function is to provide overall lighting of the emergency scene
Fixed lights
Are needed to conduct electric power to portable equipment.
Electric power chords
Common recommended lengths should not exceed ______ per reel or cord
200 ft
May be used when multiple connections are needed
Junction boxes
Is supplied by one inlet from the power source and is fitted with several outlets
Junction boxes
In situations where mutual aid departments frequently work together and have different sizes or types of receptacles________ should be carried so that equipment can be interchanged
Adapters
It is common for fire department aerial apparatus to carry a variety of extrication equipment. The most commonly used tools are _________
Hydraulic powered extrication tools
Hose distances _____ or greater from the hydraulic pump may have a negative effect on tool operation
100 ft
Are used when the main aerial device cannot reach a portion of the building, when additional ladders are needed, or when only ground ladders are needed.
Ground ladders
Are placed in window, door, or roof openings for drawing out heat, smoke, and gases by creating a lower pressure inside the fire building
Smoke ejectors
Fans are used to increase the air pressure in a structure and thus force out the by products of combustion
Positive pressure ventilation
Starts from the minute companies leave the station and continues throughout the entire incident
Loss control
Is conducted every five years, after accidents , when the aerial has been subjected to unusual stresses and loads, and following major repairs and overhauls
Nondestructive testing
