Pump Ops Chpt 9

Question 1

Although no longer used as high capacity pumps, some are still in service for high pressure stream fire fighting. These multi cylinder pro driven pumps can provide pressures up to 1000 psi for high pressure fog lines, or to inject foam concentrate into water line or manifold at higher pressure than the water is creating.

Answer 1

Piston pumps

Question 2

From a stand point of design, Rotary type pumps are the simplest of all fire apparatus pumps

Answer 2

Rotary pumps

Question 3

Rotary gear pumps consist of two gears that rotate in a tightly meshed pattern inside a water tight case

Answer 3

Rotary gear pumps

Question 4

Are constructed with moveable elements that automatically compensate for wear, maintaining a tighter fit with closer clearances as the pump is used.

Answer 4

Rotary vane pumps

Question 5

In a ________, the rotor is mounted off center inside the housing. The distance between the rotor and the housing is much greater at the intake than at the discharge

Answer 5

Rotary vane pump

Question 6

Nearly all modern fire apparatus feature a _____ as their main pump. This pump is classified as a nonpostive displacement as it does not pump a definite amount of water with each revolution.

Answer 6

Centrifugal pump

Question 7

The operation of a ______ is based on the principle that a rapidly revolving disk tends to throw water introduced at its center toward the outer edges of the disk.

Answer 7

Centrifugal pump

Question 8

The_________ acts as a disk receiving its water through the eye in its center.

Answer 8

Impeller

Question 9

The _______ transmits energy in the form of velocity to the the water.

Answer 9

Impeller

Question 10

The ______ houses the impeller assembly, collects the water, and confines it in order to convert the velocity to pressure

Answer 10

Pump casing

Question 11

The off center mounting of the impeller within the casing creates a water passage of gradually increasing size as it nears the discharge outlet of the pump. This section of the pump is called the _______.

Answer 11

Volute

Question 12

Pumps used in the fire service constructed with a single impeller are referred to as a ________.

Answer 12

Single stage centrifugal pumps

Question 13

These may consist of front mount pumps, power takeoff, auxiliary engine driven, and midship pumps they use a single intake impeller and a simple casing to provide flow capacities up to 2,250 gpm(9000L/min).

Answer 13

Single stage centrifugal pumps

Question 14

To minimize the lateral thrust of large quantities of water entering the eye of the impeller, a ________ may be used. The _______ takes the water in from both sides; the reaction of each side being equal and opposite cancels out the lateral thrust.

Answer 14

Double-suction impeller

Question 15

_____ have an impeller for each stage mounted in a single housing

Answer 15

Multistage centrifugal pump

Question 16

If a two stage pump is rated at 1000 psi, each impeller supplies ______ to the pump discharge manifold. At that point, the two streams combine to create 1000 gpm available to the the discharges at a net pressure of 150 psi.

Answer 16

500 psi

Question 17

When the transfer valve is set in the _______, all the water from the intake manifold is directed into the eye of the first impeller.

Answer 17

Pressure position

Question 18

Setting the transfer valve to ______ greatly increases the maximum pressure that may be attained; however, increasing the pressure results in a corresponding loss in volume.

Answer 18

Series (pressure)

Question 19

The process of switching between pressure and volume is sometimes referred to as “________.”

Answer 19

Changeover

Question 20

If there is any question as to the correct position for the transfer valve, it is best to operate in ________ rather than series (pressure).

Answer 20

Parallel (volume)

Question 21

In the _______, the pump will be capable of supplying 100 percent of its rated capacity at 150 psi at 10 feet of lift with 20 feet of suction hose while drafting.

Answer 21

Parallel mode

Question 22

Newer pumps use a _______. This valve may be activated by electricity, air pressure, or by water pressure itself. Many ______ operate at pressures as high as 200 psi.

Answer 22

Power operated transfer valve

Question 23

Are essential to the operation of a multistage pump. Should a valve stick open or closed, or be hampered by debris, the pump will not operate.

Answer 23

Clapper check valves

Question 24

The pressure in the Volute is much higher than that in the intake side of the pump at the eye of the impeller. A very close tolerance must be maintained between the pump casing and the hub of the impeller. This opening is usually limited to _____ or less.

Answer 24

.01 inch (0.25)

Question 25

To restore the pumping capacity without replacing the entire pump, _____ or clearance rings in the pump casing may be replaced to maintain the preferred spacing between the hub of the impeller and the pump casing.

Answer 25

Wear rings

Question 26

The most common type of seal packing material is composed of rope fibers impregnated with ______ or ____.

Answer 26

Graphite or lead

Question 27

Pumps powered by gasoline or Diesel engines independent of the vehicle drive engine are examples of ______.

Answer 27

Auxiliary pumps

Question 28

Mechanism that allows a vehicle engine to power equipment such as a pump, winch, or portable tool; it is typically attached to the transmission

Answer 28

PTO power takeoff drive

Question 29

I the past, conventional PTO units were limited to pouring pumps up to approximately 500 gpm. However, some manufacturing now provide full torque_____ that allow for the installation of pumps as large as 1,250 gpm.

Answer 29

Full torque power takeoffs PTOs

Question 30

To use a ______, the chassis should have a front of engine PTO option that provides a coupling to the front of the crankshaft.

Answer 30

Front-mount pump

Question 31

The driver/operator may check to see that the transmission is in the correct gear by observing the speedometer reading after the pump is engaged. With the engine idling and the pump engaged, most speedometers will indicate between ____ to ____.

Answer 31

10 to 15 mph

Question 32

The piping system and the fire pump itself must be capable of withstanding a ______ before being paced into service.

Answer 32

Hydrostatic test of 500 psi

Question 33

According to NFPA 1901 pumpers with a capacity of 500 gpm or less should have piping capable of flowing ______. Pumpers with a capacity greater than 500 gpm should be able to flow at least _____.

Answer 33

250 gpm 500 gpm

Question 34

A minimum of _____ piping, valves, and elbows must be used to supply discharges where 11/2-, 13/4-, or 2-inch handlines are attached .

Answer 34

2 inch

Question 35

All valves should be designed and maintained so that they are easily operable at pressures of unto ______.

Answer 35

250 psi

Question 36

According to NFPA 1901, apparatus equipped with tanks of less than 1000 gallons must have a tank fill line of at least_____ in diameter.

Answer 36

1 inch

Question 37

Tanks greater than 1000 gallons must be provided with at least a _______ tank fill line.

Answer 37

2 inch

Question 38

The most common type of valve is the ____ that permits the full flow of water through a line with a minimum friction loss.

Answer 38

Ball type valve

Question 39

Are most commonly operated by a hand wheel

Answer 39

Gate valves

Question 40

NFPA 1901 requires some type of pressure control device to be part of any fire apparatus pumping system. This device must operate within _____ to ____ seconds after discharge pressure rises and restricts the pressure from exceeding 30 psi above the set level.

Answer 40

3 to 10 seconds

Question 41

Although there are several types available, the most common relief valve uses a _________.

Answer 41

Spring-controlled valve

Question 42

Is designed to regulate the engine speed to match the pump discharge requirements.

Answer 42

Pressure governor

Question 43

The electronic governor also features ________ protection by returning the engine to idle when the intake pressure drops below 30 psi. These governors are accurate and quick to respond, eliminating the need for a discharge pressure relief valve.

Answer 43

Cavitation

Question 44

These devices are constructed of materials that do not require lubrication; therefore, oil is not required in the priming process. ______ may slo be installed into an older apparatus as an environmentally friendly initiative.

Answer 44

Oil-less primers

Question 45

Are generally found on skid mounted pumps or older fire apparatus. This type of primer uses the same principle as a foam eductor. Exhaust gases from the vehicles engine are prevented from escaping to the atmosphere by an exhaust deflector. These gases are diverted to a chamber where their passing velocity creates a vacuum

Answer 45

Exhaust primers

Question 46

The ______ is a simple device that makes use of the vacuum already present in the intake manifold of any gasoline-driven engine.

Answer 46

Vacuum primer

Question 47

An air priming system uses the compressor to supply an airline to a jet pump that creates a _______ that primes the pump using no mov g parts or lubricants

Answer 47

Venturi effect

Question 48

The ____ is connected to the intake side of the pump and measures either positive pressure or a vacuum.

Answer 48

Master intake gauge

Question 49

This gauge is usually calibrated from ___ to ___ psi of positive pressure and from ___ to ____ inches of mercury on the negative side.

Answer 49

O to 600 psi 0 to 30 inches

Question 50

When the vacuum reading is approaching ____, the pump is nearing its capacity and is not able to supply additional lines

Answer 50

20 inches

Question 51

The _____ displays the engine speed in revolutions per minute

Answer 51

Tachometer

Question 52

The _______ displays the temperature of the coolant in the engine that powers the fire pump

Answer 52

Pumping engine plant temperature indicator

Question 53

The pump operators' panel may be equipped with an audible or visual indicator that warns the driver/operator when the pump will overheat.

Answer 53

Pump overheat indicator

Question 54

The _____ provides a relative indication of the battery condition

Answer 54

Voltmeter

Question 55

Indicates the status of the vehicles alternator and charging system

Answer 55

Ammeter

Question 56

Pump pressure indicators, commonly called ______, may be connected to the individual discharge outlets of the fire pump. These gauges must be connected to the outlet side of the discharge valve so that the pressure being reported is the pressure actually supplied to the hose lines after the valve

Answer 56

Discharge gauges

Question 57

This device is use to increase or decrease the speed of the engine that powers the fire pump. An increase or decrease in engine speed will allow the driver/operator to control the amount of pressure that the fire pump supplies to the discharge

Answer 57

Pumping engine throttle

Question 58

The ______ is used to operate the priming device when the pump will draft from a static water supply

Answer 58

Primer control

Question 59

This device displays the quantity of water held in the onboard water tank, allowing the driver/operator to anticipate the length of time attack hose lines may be operated until an external water source is needed

Answer 59

Water tank level indicator

Question 60

Is inserted into one of the hoses used in the engine cooling system so that the engine coolant must travel through it as it circulates through the system. The cooler features a number of small tubes surrounded by a water jacket that is connected to the discharge of the fire pump.

Answer 60

Marine cooler

Question 61

In the _______, the water supplied by the fire pump passes through a coil or tubing mounted inside the cooler so that it is immersed in the coolant.

Answer 61

Immersion system

Question 62

Are becoming an increasingly more popular method of priming pumps on modern fire apparatus

Answer 62

Air primers

Question 63

This device is used to increase or decrease the speed of the engine that powers the fire pump. An increase or decrease in engine speed will allow the driver/operator to control the amount of pressure that the fire pump supplies to the discharge. There are several types of throttles available,including a throttle knob called a ______,that can be turned clockwise or counter clockwise to achieve required pressure

Answer 63

Vernier

Question 64

Operate using a small piston that moves back and fourth in a cylinder

Answer 64

Piston pumps

Question 65

Most of the rotary pumps in use today are either

Answer 65

Rotary gear or rotary vane construction

Question 66

This is one of the most common types of pumps used to prime a centrifugal fire pump

Answer 66

Rotary vane pumps

Question 67

Nearly all modern fire apparatus feature a ______ as their main pump

Answer 67

Centrifugal pump

Question 68

Three main factors influence a centrifugal fire pump discharge pressure

Answer 68

Amount of water being discharged Speed at which the impeller is turning Pressure of water when it enters the pump from a pressurized source

Question 69

Any ______ on the fireground must be carefully coordinated with attack crews so that they will be prepared for a slight interruption during transfer

Answer 69

Changeover

Question 70

Newer model centrifugal pumps may be equipped with a ______ that opens to allow overheated water to circulate between the pump and the main tank or into the atmosphere

Answer 70

Thermal relief valve

Question 71

Heat develops by friction where the packing rings come into to contact with the shaft. In order to overcome this a spacer, known as a _______ is supplied with the packing to provide cooling

Answer 71

Lantern or slinger ring

Question 72

Are most common to initial attack, wild land, or mobile water supply applications

Answer 72

PTO driven fire pumps

Question 73

In order to minimize pressure loss within the apparatus, all hoses and piping must be designed to

Answer 73

Run as straight as possible with a minimum number of bends or turns

Question 74

On pumps not equipped with a ______ the tank fill line can be used in conjunction with the tank to pump valve to circulate water through the pump to prevent overheating when no water is flowing

Answer 74

Thermal relief valve

Question 75

Some pumps are equipped with a ______ that serves the same function as a circulator valve by diverting a portion of the discharge water into the tank

Answer 75

Booster line cooling valve bypass valve

Question 76

The most common actuators for ball type valves are either

Answer 76

Push pull handles or quarter turn handles

Question 77

Are most commonly operated by quarter turn handles

Answer 77

Butterfly valves

Question 78

NFPA 1901 requires that all intakes or discharges that are 3 inches or greater be equipped with

Answer 78

Slow acting valves

Question 79

It is generally recommended that the intake relief valves be set to open when the intake pressure rises more than _____ above the necessary operating pressure

Answer 79

10 psi

Question 80

Intake relief valves are intended to reduce the possibility of damage to the pump and discharge hoselines caused by _____ when valves or nozzles are closed too quickly

Answer 80

Water hammer

Question 81

A _____ is needed to create the vacuum that makes drafting possible

Answer 81

Priming device

Question 82

Most modern pumpers use

Answer 82

Positive displacement primers

Question 83

Although some apparatus feature primers that are driven off the transfer case of the transmission, an ______ is the most popular means of powering rotary vane priming pumps as they may be operated efficiently regardless of engine speed

Answer 83

Electric motor

Question 84

Because the oil reservoir for the priming pump is often mounted higher than the pump itself, a ______ is provided to break the siphon action as the tank drains

Answer 84

Vent hole

Question 85

The operator manual supplied by the fire pump manufacturer should specify the preferred engine speed for priming but, in general, the range is between

Answer 85

1000 to 1200 rpm

Question 86

Most new pumpers are equipped with

Answer 86

Oil less primers

Question 87

Because engine vacuum is greatest at near idle speed, the primer works best at low engine rpm

Answer 87

Vacuum primers

Question 88

Are becoming an increasingly more popular method of priming pumps on modern fire apparatus

Answer 88

Air primers

Question 89

An _____ uses the compressor to supply an airline to a jet pump that creates a Venturi effect that primes the pump using no moving parts or lubricants

Answer 89

Air priming system

Question 90

During _____, the rpm required to pump the rated capacity is determined and the information is recorded on an identification plate on the pump panel

Answer 90

Acceptance testing

Question 91

The primary function of an ________ is to control the temperature coolant in the apparatus engine during pumping operations.

Answer 91

Auxiliary coolant system