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Surgical Recall > SR 1 - Overview > Flashcards

SR 1 - Overview Flashcards

1
Q

ABCDs of melanoma?

A

Asymmetric
Border irregularities
Color variation
Diameter >0.6cm and Dark color

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2
Q

Allen’s test?

A

Patency of ulnar artery

Used before placing a radial arterial line or ABG

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3
Q

Ballance’s sign

A

Constant dullness to percusion in left flank/LUQ
Resonance to percussion in the right flank
ssociated with splenic rupture/hematoma

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4
Q

Beck’s triad

A

Cardiac tamponade

  • JVD
  • Decreased/muffled heart sounds
  • Decreased blood pressure
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5
Q

Bergman’s triad

A

Fat emboli syndrome

  • Mental status change
  • Petechiae (axilla, thorax)
  • Dyspnea
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6
Q

Blumer’s shelf

A

Metastatic disease to rectouterine (pouch of douglas) or rectovesical pouch
Shelf is palpable on rectal exam

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7
Q

Boas’ sign

A

Right subscapular pain resulting form cholelithiasis

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8
Q

Brochardt’s triad

A

Gastric volvus

  • Emesis followed by retching
  • Epigastric distention
  • Failure to pass an NGT
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9
Q

Carcinoid triad

A

Flushing
Diarrhea
Right-sided heart failure

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10
Q

Charcot’s triad

A

Cholangitis

  • Fever
  • Jaundice
  • RUQ pain
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11
Q

Courvoisier’s law

A

Enlarged, nontender gallbladder
Seen with obstruction of common bile duct
Associated with pancreatic cancer
(Not seen with gallstone obstruction due to scaring secondary to chronic cholelithiasis)

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12
Q

Cullen’s sign

A

Periumbilical area
Retroperitoneal hemorrhage
Associated with acute hemorrhagic pancreatitis

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13
Q

Cushing’s triad

A

Increased ICP

  • Hypertension
  • Bradycardia
  • Irregularly respirations
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14
Q

Dance’s sign

A

Empty RLQ in children with ileocecal intussusception

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15
Q

Fothergill’s sign

A

Differentiates an intra-abdominal mass from one in the abdominal wall
If mass is felt with tension in the muscle, the the mass is in the wall

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16
Q

Fox’s sign

A

Bruising in the inguinal ligament

Retroperitoneal bleeding

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17
Q

Goodsall’s rule

A

Anal fistulae course in a straight path anteriorly and curved path posteriorly from midline

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18
Q

Grey Turner’s sign

A

Brusing of the flank

Retroperitoneal hemorrhage

19
Q

Hamman’s sign

A

Cruching shound on auscultation
Emphysematous mediastinum
Seen with Boerhaave’s syndrome, pneumomediastinum, etc.

20
Q

Howship-Romberg sign

A

Pain along inner aspect of the thigh
Seen with an obturater hernia
Result of nerve compression

21
Q

Kehr’s sign

A

Severe left shoulder pain in splenic rupture (referred pain from diaphragmatic irritation)

22
Q

Kelly’s sign

A

Visible peristalsis of ureter in response to squeezing or retraction

23
Q

Laplace’s law

A

Wall tension = pressure x radius

Colon perforates due to increased wall tension

24
Q

Obturator sign

A

Pain upon internal rotation of leg with hip and knee flexed

Seen in appendicitis, pelvic abscess

25
Q

Pheochromocytoma triad

A

Palpitations
Headache
Episodic diaphoresis

26
Q

Posas sign

A

Pain elicited by extending the hip with the knee in full extension
Seen in appendicitis, psoas inflammation

27
Q

Reynold’s pentad

A

Suppurative cholangitis

  • Fever
  • Jaundice
  • RUQ pain
  • Mental status changes
  • Shock/sepsis (hypotension)
28
Q

Rovsing’s sign

A

Palpation of the LLQ resulting in pain in the RLQ

Appendicitis

29
Q

Saint’s triad

A

Cholelithiasis
Hiatal hernia
Diverticular disease

30
Q

Silk glove sign

A

Indirect hernia sac in pediatric patient

Feels like a finger of a silk glove when rolled under the examining finger

31
Q

Virchow’s triad

A

Requirements for thrombosis

  • Stasis
  • Abnormal endothelium
  • Hypercoagulability
32
Q

Valentino’s sign

A

RLQ pain from perforated peptic ulcer due to succus/pus draining into the RLQ

33
Q

Westermark’s sign

A

Decreased pulmonary vascular markings on CXR in a patient with PE

34
Q

Whipple’s triad

A

Evidence of insulinoma

- Hypoglycemia (

35
Q

Achlorhydria

A

Absence of hydrochloric acid in teh stomach

36
Q

Acholic stool

A

Light-colored stool as a result of decreased bile content

37
Q

Amaurosis fugax

A

Transient visual loss in one eye

38
Q

Celiotomy

A

Surgical incision into the peritoneal cavity

Laparotomy = celiotomy

39
Q

Enterolysis

A

Lysis of peritoneal adhesions

DIFFERENT from enteroclysis - contrast study of the small bowel

40
Q

Hidradenitis

A

Inflammation of the apocrine glands

Caused by blockage of the glands

41
Q

Inpissated

A

Hard

42
Q

Lieno-

A

Denotin th spleen

43
Q

-pexy

A

Fixation

44
Q

Phlebolith

A

Calcification in a vein

Vein stone

Surgical Recall (32 decks)

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