Spread Of Terror Flashcards
How many were affected by the terror and between which years?
1792->1794
40,000
How many were executed in the terror?
16,000
When was the law of suspects?
17th September 1793
What did the law of suspects declare?
Enemies of the republic must be destroyed ti prevent the republic from being destroyed
Between March-September 1793 how many cases did the revolutionary tribunal hear?
260
What were the show trials and why did they take place?
What
Executions of unpopular people in society particularly aristocrats
Why
Pressure from sans-culottes following the public execution of Louis XVI
Marie Antoinette show trial
14th October brought forward to the revolutionary tribunal and found guilty
16th October executed
Girodins show trial
Trial of the 21 expelled Girondins on 24th October
All guillotined in the space of 36 minutes on 31st October
Speech delivered by Saint Just
10th October
In the name of the CPS
Said “the provisional government of France is revolutionary until there is peace”
What was involved in the campaign following the Saint Just speech ?
-local watch committees
-represetant en mission
-Armées revolutionnaires (40,000)
-spies from CGS
Outcome of terror in the Vendee
-7873 guillotined
-2000 executed from mass drownings near Nantes
Outcome of terror in Toulon
Recaptured on 19th December by Napoleon
700/800 prisoners shot
Outcome of terror in Lyons
By end of 1794 2000 executed
Influence of sans-culottes during spread of terror
-pressurised the convention leading to passing of laws such as general maximum (29th September 1793)
-supported dechristianisation
Example of campaign for dechristianisation
Fouché the representant en mission in Nièvre waged a campaign of religious terror from September 1793
Dechristianisation
Made official policy in October 1793
Figures on Notre Dame Cathedral were beheaded
Church artefacts eg. Bells and plates melted down to use as coins / weapons
When had churches closed altogether?
November 1793
When was the Law of 14 Frimaire II
December 4th 1793
What was the law of Frimaire II
Gave CPS direct power over ministers, generals and representatives en mission
Orders directly from CPS
When were the armées révolutionnaires disbanded?
March 1794
Who were the rival factions in 1794
Hébert - believed Robespierre was setting up a dictatorship and called on sans-culottes to rise up.
Indulgents, Danton + Desmoulins- suggested terror be scaled back
What happened to Hebert ?
Accused of plot against convention
24th March executed along with 18 associates
What happened to the indulgents?
Accused of illegal financial deals
Danton + Desmoulins executed on 5th April
How did Robespierre rid the country of ‘corruption’?
Between March and June 1794 1000 were guillotined
What was the name of the new version of state religion ?
Cult of Supreme Being
Why was the Cult of Supreme Being introduced?
To deal with the Sans-Culottes dechristianisation campaign which Robespierre believed had gone too far
An attempt to centralise control over religious ceremonies and give them a deist rather than atheistic inspiration
When was the law of 22 Prairial ?
10th June 1794
What was the law of 22 Prairial ?
All accused of revolutionary crimes to be taken before the Parisian revolutionary tribunal
Citizens obliged to denounce suspects
Only two possible outcomes of trial- acquittal or death
When was the great terror?
June-July 1794
How many death sentences were there during the great terror?
1284
Weakening of Robespierre
CGS became hostile towards the CPS
