How Did The Terror Destroy Enemies

Question 1

Who were the enemies of the revolution?

Answer 1

Those who opposed the revolution
Internal, external and political enemies

Question 2

Why did the terror take place

Answer 2

Enforced to establish order and to rid France of threats to the revolution

Question 3

Success in destroying internal enemies

Answer 3

-establishment of CPS 6th April 1793 acted as control centre for terror elected to defend nation against enemies
-16,000 guillotined in total
-Toulon and Lyon crushed following anti-jacobin risings, 800 shot without trial in Toulon
-vendee rising 7873 killed following suppression of rebellion
-82 representatives en mission to enforce power
-provincial repression January-May 1794 villages/towns stormed

Question 4

Failure in destroying internal enemies

Answer 4

-series of uprisings eg. Vendee rebellion [March 1793], federalist revolt [June 1793] (reaction to overthrow of Girodins), Lyon, Toulon
-CPS established as a reaction to Vendee uprising
-required force of 30,000 to be removed from front lines to quash rebellion by may 1793

Question 5

Success in destroying external enemies

Answer 5

-law passed against emigrees by January 1792 confiscated property, threatened execution if returned by January 1792.
-used threat of foreign enemies as justification for terror
-territorial gains Savoy 1792

Question 6

Failures of external enemies

Answer 6

-first coalition 23rd March 1793 countries eg. Austria + Prussia planned to attack France
-suffered military defeats eg. Neerwinden against Austrians 18th March 1793
-calling of levee of 300,000 February 1973 led to uprisings / rebellion
-overall hindered the terror

Question 7

Success political

Answer 7

-purge of Girodins 2nd June 1793 led to trial (24th October) and execution (31st October) of 29 members
-key figures eg. Brissot executed
-Accused Hebertists (strong beliefs in dechristianisation) of being foreign agents and potential dictators so eliminated them March 1794 including leader Jacques Hebert
-Dantonitsts eliminated April 1794, Danton / desmoulins

Question 8

Failure political

Answer 8

-could not entirely suppress royalists (Chouans remained in small numbers) + rising in the vendee
-people turned against revolution due to fear