Spread of disease Flashcards
disease spread by Ingestion
disease spread by ingesting a disease-causing organism. It can be through contaminated soil, water, or food. It can also be from licking another animal.
Salmonella spp. , E. coli and Brucella spp. are comonly spread this way
Disease spread by Inhalation
Most common under rearing conditions
the organism is in the air and gets inhaled by an animal
common eg. Pasturella spp.
disease spread by breeding
not as common (b/c many venerial diseases have been eliminated and most breeding is now done by artificial insemination)
when the disease-causing microorganism is spread to the offspring
vertical transmission
transmission of a disease from mother to offspring
(eg. FIV)
disease spread by Skin wounds
may result from bites, trauma, or procedures
disease spread by insect bites
are dependent on climatic conditions
eg. heartworm (dirofilariasis)
direct transmission
spread through touch
EG. DERMODECTIC MANGE
indirect transmission
diseases spread even though the animals do not touch each other
can be spread by mechanical means
eg. ringworm
carrier
when an animal has had a disease but has recovered, the animal appears healthy but may continue to spread the microorganism
e.g. brucella
Portal entry
the location in which the organisms gain entry to the body
(mouth, respiratory system, break in the skin, mucus membrane, intestinal tract)
examples of a portal entry
oral cavity ‘
respiratory system
break in the skin
mucus membrane
intestinal tract
fomite
an inanimate object/material that is used to convey a disease-producing agent
what are the 9 ways diseases are transmitted
- ingestion
- inhalation
- breeding
- vertical transmission
- skin wounds
- insect bites
- direct contact
- indirect
- carrier
