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Immunobio > Disease > Flashcards

Disease Flashcards

1
Q

ACUTE DISEASE

A

A quick onset disease with severe symptoms and a short course of 12-24 hours before either death or recovery

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2
Q

BACTEREMIA

A

A situation in which bacteria are present in the blood of an animal

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3
Q

CHRONIC DISEASE

A

Ongoing and progressively debilitating disease. Often difficult to treat and ending in death

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4
Q

COMMENSALISM

A

A harmless relationship between microorganism and the animal host
ex: the bacteria that lives on the skin of an animal

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5
Q

CONTAGIOUS

A

The ease of transmission of an agent from one individual to another (can differ from disease to disease)

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6
Q

DISEASE

A

A morbid process

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7
Q

-EMIA

A

Blood

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8
Q

HEALTH

A

The state of well being of an animal in which all body parts are functioning normally.

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9
Q

HOST- PARASITE RELATIONSHIP

A

A relationship between the host and the living agent

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10
Q

INCUBATION PERIOD

A

The period when the infectious agent gets established within the host’s body and rapid multiplication of the organism.
the host remains visibly healthy

duration varies on the microorganism

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11
Q

INFECTIOUS

A

That a disease is caused by a living agent

(doesn’t indicate if it is infectious at all)

e.g. parasites, fungi, bacteria, viruses

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12
Q

INFECTIOUS DISEASE

A

A disease caused by a living agent (e.g bacteria, fungi, viruses, external parasites, internal parasites)
often contagious

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13
Q

LOCAL INFECTION

A

Infectious agents which have a predilection for a particular location in the body, or have invaded an area and remain active in that area

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14
Q

MORBID

A

sick

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15
Q

NON-INFECTIOUS DISEASE

A

A disease in which there is no living agent involved (eg. Hit by a car, skin tumor)

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16
Q

PERACUTE DISEASE

A

The onset of the disease is very acute, with a duration of a few hours

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17
Q

PARASITE

A

Organisms that live off and challenge living host tissues

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18
Q

PARASITISM

A

A challenging relationship between microorganism and host. The host may be harmed.

19
Q

PERIOD OF CONVALESNCE

A

This is the period where the animal’s immune system overcomes the infectious agent and the animal’s health improves. The infectious agent may still be present.
This period is not always reached.

20
Q

PERIOD OF ILLNESS

A

the development of clinical signs. Visibly sick. If the animal dies they will not progress past this stage.

21
Q

SAPROPHYTES

A

Bacteria that live on dead material

eg in vet med:
infection due to the retained placenta of a calf
saprophytes create toxins in the uterus

22
Q

SEPTICEMIA

A

There is bacteria in the blood and the bacteria is multiplying there causing disease

23
Q

SUBACUTE DISEASE

A

Between acute and chronic, often of a weeks duration

24
Q

SYSTEMIC INFECTION

A

The infectious agent has gained access to the blood stream and has spread throughout the body.

25
Q

SYMBIOSIS

A

A beneficial relationship between microorganisms and host
ex: the bacteria in the intestines

26
Q

TOXEMIA

A

The presence of toxins (poisons) in the blood (is a general term)
(the toxin can come from many sources)

27
Q

IMMUNOBIOLOGY

A

The study of the response of the animal to organisms that cause disease
Includes elements of: microbiology, pathology, and immunobiology

28
Q

what can the morbid process affect?

A

It can affect the entire body or part of the body

29
Q

What occurs in a diseased animal?

A

There is an interrupted function along with a change in sensation

30
Q

what are the two broad categories of disease?

A

infectious and non infectious

31
Q

what are the types of infectious diseases?

A

Parasitic, fungal, bacterial, viruses

32
Q

are infectious diseases contagious?

A

yes

33
Q

When the host is favoured in the relationship the symptoms are more ____________

A

mild

34
Q

When the infectious agent is favored the symptoms are more ____________

A

severe

35
Q

Do saprophytes cause disease?

A

they rarely cause disease

36
Q

Where are saprophytes often found?

A

in the environment around decaying organic matter

(occasionally involved in rotting [putrefacation])

37
Q

Do animals with septicemia always get sick?

A

yes

38
Q

Do animals with bacteremia always get sick?

A

Not always, it depends on the microorganism in the blood

39
Q

Do animals with toxemia always get sick?

A

yes

40
Q

What are the types of host - microorganism relationships

A

Commensalism
Symbiosis
Parasitism

41
Q

What are the stages of disease development?

A

Incubation Period
Period of illness
Period of convalescence

42
Q

list factors that predispose animals to disease

A

their environment (sanitation, climate, stocking density)
low nutrition
previous existence of a disease
very young
very old
gender
heredity
breed

43
Q

a relationship is established between ______________ and ________________

A

the host
the living agent
(often called the host-parasite relationship)

Immunobio (8 decks)

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