Spotter Flashcards
What is this complication of UC? [1]
Iritis
What is this complication of UC? [1]
Erythema nodosum
What is this complication of UC? [1]
Erythema nodosum
What is this complication of UC? [1]
Pyoderma gangrenosum
What is this IBD complication? [1]
Figure 6. Erythematous papulonodular lesions involving the face of a patient with Sweet’s syndrome associated with Crohn’s disease.
What is this complication in a patient with UC? [1]
Figure 7. Vegetating plaques localized on the beard region of a patient with ulcerative colitis-associated pyodermatitis vegetans.
- “Pyostomatitis vegetans” is the mucosal counterpart of “pyodermatitis vegetans”, and mainly involves the oral cavity. The typical presentation includes multiple small pustules with a characteristic “snail track-appearance”
What is this complication in a patient with UC? [1]
Figure 9. Psoriasiform eruption involving the abdomen and the pubic area of a patient undergoing adalimumab treatment.
Patient has UC and:
Episcleritis
Iritis
Conjunctivitis
Uveitis
Patient has UC and:
Episcleritis
Iritis
Conjunctivitis
Uveitis
Patient has UC and:
Episcleritis
Iritis
Conjunctivitis
Uveitis
Patient has UC and:
Episcleritis
Iritis
Conjunctivitis
Uveitis
Mastitis
Pagets
P’eau d’orange
Areola dermatitis
Breast infection
Mastitis
Pagets
P’eau d’orange
Areola dermatitis
Breast infection
Mastitis
Pagets
P’eau d’orange
Areola dermatitis
Breast infection
Mastitis
Pagets
P’eau d’orange
Areola dermatitis
Breast infection
Mastitis
Pagets
P’eau d’orange
Areola dermatitis
Breast infection
Mastitis
Pagets
P’eau d’orange
Areola dermatitis
Breast infection
Staph. aureus
Treatment is with Abx and US guided aspiration
Overlying skin necrosis is an indication for surgical debridement
Continue breast feeding and monitor
12-24hrs
What is this
due to a duct papilloma
A patient is breast feeding.
What is this presentation? [1]
Periductal mastitis
This is a relatively uncommon condition where by patients present with recurrent episodes of inflammation and infection within the breast tissue – normally behind the nipple or at the margin of the areola itself.
This condition is almost exclusively seen in women who smoke although the exact cause of the condition is not known.
Label A-C
Caused by hypercholesterolaemia
What spefically causes this? [1]
High triglyceride levels
BMI 35 ++
What is the name for this sign? [1]
Striae palmaris
Patient with sarcoid.
What is this? [1]
Lupus pernio
A patient has DMT2.
What is this complication? [1]
bullous diabeticorum
What is this skin complication of DMT2? [1]
Necrobiosis lipoidica diabeticorum
Granuloma annulare
This patient has DM.
What is depicted? [1]
Diabetic cheiroarthropathy is also called diabetic hand syndrome or stiff hand syndrome
This patient has DM.
What is depicted? [1]
Dx and tx? [2]
Pharyngitis -> Group A strep
Rx – penicillin V x10 days (or clarithromycin/erythromycin if allergic)
A patient has infective mononucleosis.
What drug has been given to cause this complication?
Amoxicillin
Ciprofloxacin
Azithromycin
Doxycycline
Cephalexin
A patient has infective mononucleosis.
What drug has been given to cause this complication?
Amoxicillin
Ciprofloxacin
Azithromycin
Doxycycline
Cephalexin
Name this nail change and three causes [3]
Oncholysis
- Hyperthyroidism, fungal infections, psoriasis
Label A & B
What is the name for the nail changes seen? [1]
What causes them? [+]
Beaus lines
Mees lines
Muehrckes lines
Terrys nails
Chronic paronychia
Beaus lines
- temporary arrest of nail growth at times of biological stress
Severe infection eg malaria, typhus, rheumatic fever, Kawasaki disease, MI, chemo, trauma, high altitude climbing, deep sea diving
What is the name for the nail changes seen? [1]
What causes them? [+]
Beaus lines
Mees lines
Muehrckes lines
Terrys nails
Chronic paronychia
Terrys nails
- Cirrhosis, CKD, congestive cardiac failure
What is the name for the nail changes seen? [1]
What causes them? [+]
Beaus lines
Mees lines
Muehrckes lines
Terrys nails
Chronic paronychia
** Mees lines:**
- **single white transverse bands classically seen in arsenic poisoning, CKD, carbon monoxide poisoning **
What is the name for the nail changes seen? [1]
What causes them? [+]
Beaus lines
Mees lines
Muehrckes lines
Terrys nails
Chronic paronychia
Chronic paronychia – chronic infxn of nail fold, painful swollen nail + intermittent discharge
Nail fungal infection
What is the name for the nail changes seen? [1]
What causes them? [+]
Beaus lines
Mees lines
Muehrckes lines
Terrys nails
Chronic paronychia
Muehrcke’s lines – paired white parallel transverse bands without furrowing of the nail seen in chronic hypoalbuminemia, hodgkins, pallegra (niacin/B3 deficiency), CKD
A patient is treated with antibiotics.
What has caused this? [1]
Red man syndrome – vancomycin
APML
AML
Person with AIDS.
What infection has caused this KS? [1]
HPV 2
HPV 4
HPV 6
HPV 8
HPV 10
Person with AIDS.
What infection has caused this KS? [1]
HPV 2
HPV 4
HPV 6
HPV 8
HPV 10
AIDS patient.
Which infective pathogen has caused this retinitis? [1]
CMV
AIDS patient.
Which infective pathogen has caused this oral leukoplakia? [1]
EBV
C. diff (pseudomembrane colitis)
A patient has pneumonia. A MCS reveals the following.
What is the treatment? [1]
Diplococci bacteria -> strep pneumoniae
Rx – amoxicillin, ciprafloxicin if not available/allergic
Otitis media
Sign? [1]
Cause? [1]
Roth spots
Infective endocarditis
Papilloedema
Disc cupping
Optic atrophy
Central retinal artery occlusion
Central retinal vein occlusion
Hypertensive retinopathy
Central retinal vein occlusion
- ‘Stormy sunset’ appearance
Papilloedema
Disc cupping
Optic atrophy
Central retinal artery occlusion
Central retinal vein occlusion
Hypertensive retinopathy
Papilloedema
Disc cupping
Optic atrophy
Central retinal artery occlusion
Central retinal vein occlusion
Hypertensive retinopathy
Hypertensive retinopathy.
The retinal arteries have become narrow and tortuous.
Papilloedema
Disc cupping
Optic atrophy
Central retinal artery occlusion
Central retinal vein occlusion
Hypertensive retinopathy
Papilloedema
Disc cupping
Optic atrophy
Central retinal artery occlusion
Central retinal vein occlusion
Hypertensive retinopathy
Exudative (Wet) macula degeneration
- characterized by the formation of pathological choroidal neovascular membranes (CNM) under the retina, which can leak fluid and blood.
IgA nephropathy
Membranous nephropathy
Focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS)
Membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis (MPGN)
Rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis (RPGN)
IgA nephropathy
Membranous nephropathy
Focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS)
Membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis (MPGN)
Rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis (RPGN)
Patient has malaria - which type?
P. vivax
P. ovale
P. falciparum
P. malaraie
Patient has malaria - which type?
P. vivax - signet ring; ameboid shape
P. ovale
P. falciparum
P. malaraie
Patient has malaria - which type?
P. vivax
P. ovale
P. falciparum
P. malaraie
P. falciparum
Patient has malaria - which type?
P. vivax
P. ovale
P. falciparum
P. malaraie
Patient has malaria - which type?
P. vivax
P. ovale
P. falciparum
P. malaraie - bands
Patient has malaria - which type?
P. vivax
P. ovale
P. falciparum
P. malaraie
Patient has malaria - which type?
P. vivax
P. ovale
P. falciparum
P. malaraie
Patient with BHL and this histological slide.
What type of HS?
1
2
3
4
Patient with BHL and this histological slide.
What type of HS?
1
2
3
4 - TB
Bronchiectasis
Hiatus hernia
How do you calculate:
1. Anion gap
2. Osmolarity
Anion gap = Na + K – (Cl+HCO3)
Osmolarity = 2(Na+K) + urea + glucose
Describe the findings of this fundoscopy [1]
Describe the findings of this fundoscopy [1]
Describe the findings of this fundoscopy [1]
Post-MI complication [1]
LV aneurysm
Describe the cardiac abnormality [1]
LA enlargement
Clinical presentation:
- SOB; weight loss & fevers
Dx? [1]
Pulmonary mets
Clinical presentation:
- Known inoperable lung cancer
- Rapid worsening SOB
Dx? [1]
Phrenic nerve palsy
Dx? [1]
Pneumothorax
Feel like rice crispies or bubble wrap on palpitation [1]
Surgical emphysema
What treatment has been given in this CXR? [1]
Chest drain
Dx? [1]
Dx? [3]
arrow pointing to what specifically? [1]
Clinical presentation:
- COPD
Cor pulmonale - RVH
Dx? [1]
Finding? [1]
What are the two arrows pointing to in this breast ultrasound? [2]
What is the name for this sign? [1]
What pathology does it indicate? [1]
Kantors string sign - Crohns
Dx? [1]
The abdominal x-ray is consistent a diagnosis of ulcerative colitis showing lead pipe appearance of the colon (red arrows). Ankylosis of the left sacroiliac joint and partial ankylosis on the right (yellow arrow), reinforcing the link with sacroilitis.
What is this form of IBD? [1]
What is the arrow pointing at? [1]
Cobblestoning - Crohns
Crohns
Which one is UC or Crohns? [2]
Describe the histological changes of each form of IBD [2]
What is this histology suggestive of? [1]
Signet ring cells -> gastric cancer
What is this histology suggestive of? [1]
Signet ring cells -> gastric cancer
Dx? [1]
Dx? [1]
Peptic ulcer
A & B are histological changes seen in kidneys. What are they? [2]
A: acute tubular necrosis
B” acute interstitial nephritis
Dx? [1]
Troponin raised
Myocarditis
Name for this sign? [1]
Dx? [1]
What are they spefically pointing at? [2]
Double duct sign - main pancreatic duct (short arrow) and common bile duct (long arrow).
Caused by pancreatic cancer
Name this sign seen in an US of a breast [1]
What is it caused by? [1]
Snowstorm - breast implant rupture
Which is the cause of her sudden loss of vision?
A. Branch retinal artery occlusion
B. Branch retinal vein occlusion
C. Central retinal artery occlusion
D. Central retinal vein occlusion
E. Cilioretinal vein occlusion
B. Branch retinal vein occlusion
Which is the cause of her sudden loss of vision?
A. Branch retinal artery occlusion
B. Branch retinal vein occlusion
C. Central retinal artery occlusion
D. Central retinal vein occlusion
E. Cilioretinal vein occlusion
Which is the cause of her sudden loss of vision?
A. Branch retinal artery occlusion
B. Branch retinal vein occlusion
C. Central retinal artery occlusion
D. Central retinal vein occlusion
E. Cilioretinal vein occlusion
Which is the cause of her sudden loss of vision?
A. Branch retinal artery occlusion
B. Branch retinal vein occlusion
C. Central retinal artery occlusion
D. Central retinal vein occlusion
E. Cilioretinal vein occlusion
C. Central retinal artery occlusion
Which is the most likely cause of his acute deterioration?
A. Acute myocardial infarction
B. Diaphragmatic hernia
C. Lobar pneumonia
D. Pneumothorax
E. Pulmonary embolus
D. Pneumothorax
Dx? [1]
Lipodermatosclerosis
Label the arrows [2]
A male patient is a heavy smoker.
He has angiography of his hands.
What is the dx? [1]
Buerger’s syndrome; corkscrew collaterals
This patient is likely infected with which organism? [1]
green wound = pseudomnas aerugonisa.