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Physiology and biomechanics Sports studies > sporting injuries and rehab > Flashcards

sporting injuries and rehab Flashcards

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Sports Trivia flashcards
1
Q

What does SALTAPS stand for?

A

Stop - prevent further injury
Ask - test consciousness
Look - blood, bones, abnormalities
Touch - check for abnormalities
Active movement - player moves on own to check range of movement
Passive movement - coach helps move to check range of movement
Strength - can weight be put on the joint

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2
Q

What is included in soft tissue injuries?

A
  • Muscle
  • Ligament
  • Tendon
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3
Q

How long do soft tissue injuries take to heal on a minimum?

A

4+ weeks

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4
Q

What does PRICE stand for and what does is it used to manage?

A
  • acute management of soft tissue injuries
    Protect - prevent further injury e.g. brace or cast
    Rest - allows full recovery
    Ice - vasoconstrict
    Compress - pressure
    Elevation - gravity
    Last three all reduce swelling
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5
Q

What do IRB’s 6 R’s stand for?

A

Remove - head injury assessment and stop worsening
Refer - medical specialist
Rest - no sleep (4hrs) 24hr monitoring
Recover - 2+ weeks
Return - if no symptoms

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6
Q

What is an acute injury?

A

A sudden injury

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7
Q

What is an chronic injury?

A

a long term injury/builds over time

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8
Q

what is hard tissue?

A

the bone

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9
Q

what is soft tissue?

A

ligaments, tendons, cartilage, muscle and skin

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10
Q

what is a comminuted fracture?

A

bone fragments from shattered bone
Complete

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11
Q

what is a transverse fracture?

A

a horizontal break
complete

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12
Q

what is an impacted fracture?

A

from compression
complete

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13
Q

what is a spiral fracture?

A

where the bone twists
complete

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14
Q

what is a compound fracture?

A

where the bone breaks the skin
complete

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15
Q

what is an oblique fracture?

A

an angular break
complete

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16
Q

what is a greenstick fracture?

A

where the bone bends
incomplete break

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17
Q

what is a simple fracture?

A

where the skin doesn’t break
complete

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18
Q

what is an avulsion fracture?

A

fracture near the joint
complete

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19
Q

what is the difference between a complete fracture and an incomplete fracture?

A

complete is where the bone breaks the whole way through
incomplete is where the break doesn’t go all the way through the bone

20
Q

what is a dislocation?

A

where two bones are moved from the usual position

21
Q

what is a subluxation?

A

a partial dislocation

22
Q

what is a contusion?

A

a bruise

23
Q

what is Haematoma?

A

internal bleed, pool of blood

24
Q

what is a sprain?

A

ligament damage

25
Q

what is a strain?

A

tendon damage

26
Q

what is an abrasion?

A

a cut/ scrage

27
Q

what is a blister?

A

where layers of skin separate due to friction

28
Q

give an example of an acute injury

A

concussion

29
Q

example of an chronic hard tissue injury

A

a stress fracture where a tiny crack in the bone is caused by stress overload by repeated action
e.g. marathon runner

30
Q

name three soft tissue chronic injuries

A
  • shin splints
  • tendinosis
  • tennis elbow
31
Q

what is shin splints/MTSS?

A

happens at the tibialis anterior
inflammation from excess loading stress
medial tibial stress syndrome

32
Q

what is tendinosis?

A

tendon is made from 86% collagen
deuteriation of the collagen
at the Achilles tendon occurs from jumping

33
Q

what is tennis elbow?

A

tendinosis
deuteriation of collagen at elbow tendon

34
Q

What is exercise induced muscle damage?

A

characterised by symptoms that present both immediately and up to 14 days after initial exercise. Main consequence of EIMD for the athlete is the loss of skeletal muscle function and soreness

35
Q

what are the 4 stages of rehabilitation after injury?

A
  • acute stage
  • early stage (when inflammation starts to reduce)
  • mid stage
  • late stage
36
Q

definition of the acute stage of rehab and the stretching that occurs?

A

assessment PRICE
NO stretching

37
Q

definition of early stage of rehab and stretching that occurs?

A

gentle exercise to encourage damaged tissue to heal
static and passive stretching

38
Q

definition of mid stage of rehab and stretching that occurs?

A

progressive loading of connective tissue and the bones
PNF, static and passive stretching

39
Q

definition of late stage of rehab and stretching that occurs?

A

functional exercises to prepare for a return
active and dynamic stretching

40
Q

what does a massage acheive?

A
  • relives tension
  • increases blood flow
  • removes scar tissue/knots
41
Q

what is contrast therapy and what are the benefits?

A

heat and cold applied to athlete
- pumps the blood
- quicker recovery
- reduces EIMD/DOMS

42
Q

what does Heat achieve and examples?

A
  • heat pack, hot water bottle
  • increases blood flow
  • removes tension
  • chronic injuries usually
43
Q

what does cold achieve and examples?

A
  • ice bath, ice pack
  • decreases swelling
  • good for acute injury
44
Q

what are non-steroid anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAID)

A
  • ibuprofen is one
  • reduces inflammation
  • reduces pain
45
Q

what is physiotherapy?

A
  • increases mobility
  • manipulates performer
  • massages performer
  • corrects/alters posture
46
Q

give an example of a surgery technique and what it is used for?

A

arthroscopy is keyhole surgery
- used for knee ligament, meniscal tear (knee catilage)

Physiology and biomechanics Sports studies (18 decks)

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