Sport and Society Flashcards
What are the 2 main concerns of sociology on sport?
- Examining interactions and interdependence: e.g the way people live in groups within society
- Examining how human behaviour becomes controlled: e.g. via family members, frineds, school
Define society.
An organised group of people associated for some specific purpose or with a shared common interest.
Define socialisation.
A lifelong process where members of a society learn its norms, values, ideas, practices and roles in order to take their place in that society.
Define internalisation.
The learning of values and attitudes that are incorporated within yourself.
What is primary socialisation?
- Refers to the socialisation during the early years of childhood which takes place mainly within the immediate family.
- Key process at this stage is internalisation of a society’s culture.
What is secondary socialisation?
This occurs during the later years when the family is less involved and other agencies are deliberately set up for the socialisation process and begin to exert more and more influence.
What is gender socialisation?
- The act of learning to conform to cluturally defined gender roles through socialisation.
- ‘Boys learn to be boys’ and ‘Girls learn to be girls’ through different ‘agents’ such as family, friends, school, college and the mass media.
What is social control?
- A concept that refers to the way in which peoples thoughts, feelings, appearance and behaviours are regulated in a social system.
- There are various social processes at work which acts as constraints and potentially limit the opportunities to become involved in sports.
- Historically, our society has been male ddominated with restrictions placed on women engaging in sports, nowadays they’re less pronounced.
What is an institution?
An established organisation founded for religious, educational, professional or social purposes.
What is social change.
- An alteration in the social order of a society.
- Sport Englanf Active People survey indicates that 40.7% of men compared to 30.7% of women took part in sport at least once a week.
- Social change occurs when institutions re adjust to meet ‘new needs’ of groups in society such as women.
- Examples: gender inequalities - creches to allow women to use the gym, ethnic inequalities - certain ethnic groups focus on academia and work rather than sports.
What is ‘Cricket for Change’ and what is one of its programmes?
- An example of a UK charity that try to provide opportunities for disadvantaged children.
- ‘Street Chance’ aims to inspire cricket players in areas of social deprivation and promote mutual respect and enhance relationships within the wider community by providing free structured community cricket.
What are social issues?
Problems that affect many people in society.
What is inequality?
The unfair situation where resources and opportunities are distributed unevenly within society.
What are the main causes of inequality?
- Lack of money
- Lack of self confidence
- Lack of role models
- Myths or stereotypes about ability
How do social structures and stratification affect sport?
- Type of school you go to affect the activities you get to try out as well as the amount of time devoted to sports.
- The importance of stratification is that those at the top of the system have greater access to resources than those at the bottom.
- Peoples position is the social class hierarchy do affect their involvement in sport.
- Sport can allow movement with the strata of society (social mobility).
- Stratification influences sport.
- White MC men generally held the power and this reflected the sports organisations.
