Spondylolisthesis

Question 1

What vertebral condition results in spondylolisthesis?

Answer 1

bilateral spondylolysis

Question 2

What is the direction of spondylolisthesis?

Answer 2

anterior or forward displacement

Question 3

What is the posterior direction of vertebral slippage called?

Answer 3

retrospondylolisthesis or retrolisthesis

Question 4

What are the types/classifications of spondylolisthesis?

Answer 4

• type I spondylolisthesis (dysplastic spondylolisthesis, congenital spondylolisthesis)
• type II spondylolisthesis (isthmic spondylolisthesis)
• type III spondylolisthesis (degenerative spondylolisthesis)
• type IV spondylolisthesis (traumatic spondylolisthesis)
• type V spondylolisthesis (pathologic spondylolisthesis)

Question 5

What is the locational bias of type I spondylolisthesis?

Answer 5

L5 or upper sacral segments

Question 6

What is the location of the defect associated with type I spondylolisthesis?

Answer 6

more frequently the vertebral arch

Question 7

Is the pars interarticularis always affected in type I spondylolisthesis?

Answer 7

no

Question 8

What additional conditions are linked to type I spondylolisthesis?

Answer 8

• spina bifida occulta

- nerve root compression of the S1 nerve

Question 9

What are the subtypes of type II spondylolisthesis?

Answer 9

• lytic spondylolisthesis or stress fracture induced spondylolisthesis
• elongated but intact pars interarticularis spondylolisthesis
• acutely fractured pars interarticularis spondylolisthesis

Question 10

Which subtype of type II spondylolisthesis is stressed in Spinal?

Answer 10

lytic spondylolisthesis or stress fracture induced spondylolisthesis

Question 11

What is the cause most frequently given for type II spondylolisthesis?

Answer 11

microfractures as the result of repetitive stress during hyperflexion and rotation

Question 12

What is the age group typically associated with type II spondylolisthesis?

Answer 12

teenagers or young adults

Question 13

Will spondylolysis always result in type II spondylolisthesis?

Answer 13

no, particularly in cases of unilateral spondylolysis

Question 14

What gender bias, locational bias, and spinal canal dimensions are associated with type II spondylolisthesis?

Answer 14

• common in men
• located at the L5/S1 level
• demonstrates an increase in sagittal diameter of the spinal canal

Question 15

What conditions are often associated with type III spondylolisthesis?

Answer 15

• osteoarthritis
• intervertebral disc degeneration
• ligament laxity
• articular facet remodeling

Question 16

What gender bias, locational bias, and spinal canal dimensions are associated with type III spondylolisthesis?

Answer 16

• more common in women
• particularly at L4/L5
• demonstrates no change in sagittal diameter of the spinal canal

Question 17

What causes type IV spondylolisthesis?

Answer 17

fracture of the neural arch components

Question 18

Is there a gender, locational, or age bias associated with type IV spondylolisthesis?

Answer 18

no

Question 19

What are the causes associated with type V spondylolisthesis?

Answer 19

bone diseases such as Paget disease or osteogenesis imperfecta

Question 20

What is the result of type V spondylolisthesis?

Answer 20

bone of the neural arch is lengthened such that listhesis occurs