Atypical Thoracic: T9

Question 1

What is the height pattern of the T9 vertebral body?

Answer 1

the posterior height is greater than the anterior height by one to two millimeters

Question 2

What joints are identified at the vertebral body of T9?

Answer 2

• vertebral body to anterior longitudinal lig. at the epiphyseal rims
• vertebral body to posterior longitudinal lig. at the epiphyseal rims
• vertebral body to vertebral body via the intervertebral discs
• vertebral body to head of a rib (costocentral joint)

Question 3

What joint classifications are identified at the vertebral body of T9?

Answer 3

• fibrous (amphiarthrosis) syndesmosis
• cartilaginous (amphiarthrosis) symphysis
• synovial plane (diarthrosis arthrodia)

Question 4

What are the examples of fibrous (amphiarthrosis) syndesmosis joints at the T9 vertebral body?

Answer 4

• superior and inferior epiphyseal rim to anterior longitudinal ligament
• superior and inferior epiphyseal rim to posterior longitudinal ligament

Question 5

What are the examples of cartilaginous (amphiarthrosis) symphysis joints at the T9 vertebral body?

Answer 5

superior and inferior epiphyseal rims to intervertebral disc

Question 6

What are the examples of synovial plane (diarthrosis arthrodia) joints at the T9 vertebral body?

Answer 6

• superior costal demi-facet to inferior articular surface of the rib head (left and right)
• inferior costal demi-facet to superior articular surface of the rib head (left and right)

Question 7

How many synovial joints are formed at the vertebral body of T9?

Answer 7

4

Question 8

How many symphysis joints are formed at the vertebral body of T9?

Answer 8

2

Question 9

How many syndesmosis joints are formed at the vertebral body of T9?

Answer 9

typically 4 are identified (as many as 8 if the costocentral stellate/radiate lig. are included)

Question 10

How many joints are typically formed at the vertebral body of T9?

Answer 10

typically 10 (14 if the costocentral stellate/radiate lig. are included)

Question 11

How many costocentral joints are typically formed at the vertebral body of T9?

Answer 11

4

Question 12

What synovial joint surfaces are present on the vertebral body of T9?

Answer 12

• right and left superior costal demi-facets

- right and left inferior costal demi-facets

Question 13

Which synovial joint surfaces may be absent from the vertebral body of T9?

Answer 13

inferior costal demi-facets

Question 14

What is the relationship between the vertebral body surface and the rib head/capitulum surface for the costocentral joint of T9?

Answer 14

• the superior costal demi-facets of T9 will joint with the inferior articular surfaces on the head of the ninth rib
• the inferior costal demi-facets of T9 will joint with the superior articular surfaces on the head of the tenth rib

Question 15

Which of the demi-facets on the vertebral body of T9 is larger?

Answer 15

superior costal demi-facet

Question 16

What feature will provide assistance in maintaining the stability of the intervertebral foramen at T9?

Answer 16

costocentral joint or ribs

Question 17

What is the rib-vertebral body combination at the intervertebral foramen at T9?

Answer 17

• the inferior costal demi-facets of T8 will joint with the superior articular surfaces on the head of the ninth rib
• the superior costal demi-facets of T9 will joint with the inferior articular surfaces on the head of the ninth rib

Question 18

Which rib-vertebral body combination is typically present at the intervertebral foramen for the ninth thoracic nerve?

Answer 18

• the inferior costal demi-facets of T9 will joint with the superior articular surfaces on the head of the tenth rib
• the superior costal demi-facets of T10 will joint with the inferior articular surfaces on the head of the tenth rib

Question 19

What ligaments support the costocentral joint?

Answer 19

• the costocentral stellate/radiate lig.

- costocentral interarticular or intra-articular lig.

Question 20

The costocentral stellate/radiate lig. will attach to which segments at the T8 spinal nerve intervertebral foramen?

Answer 20

• vertebral body of T8

- vertebral body of T9

Question 21

What is the size relationship between the articulating surface on the head of the rib and costal demi-facet surface?

Answer 21

the rib surface is greater than the costal demi-facet surface

Question 22

Which muscles will attach to the vertebral body of T9?

Answer 22

none

Question 23

What is the position and direction of the pedicle from the vertebral body at T9?

Answer 23

the pedicle arises from the upper third of the vertebral body and projects posterior and slightly laterally

Question 24

What is present at the tip of the transverse process of T9?

Answer 24

transverse tubercle

Question 25

What is present on the transverse tubercle of T9?

Answer 25

transverse costal facet

Question 26

What is the rib-transverse process relationship for T9?

Answer 26

the 9th rib articulates with the T9 transverse process

Question 27

What is the orientation of the transverse costal facets for T9?

Answer 27

forward, outward, and upward

Question 28

What ligaments support the costotransverse joint of T9?

Answer 28

- superior costotransverse lig. - inferior costotransverse lig. - lateral costotransverse lig.

Question 29

What lig. attach to the transverse process of T9?

Answer 29

- intertransverse lig. - capsular costotransverse lig. - superior costotransverse lig. - inferior costotransverse lig. - lateral costotransverse lig.

Question 30

Which costotransverse joint will the superior costotransverse lig. of T9 support?

Answer 30

10th rib costotransverse joint

Question 31

The superior costotransverse lig. of rib 9 will attach to which segmental bony feature?

Answer 31

transverse process of T8

Question 32

The superior costotransverse lig. of the transverse process of T9 will attach to which rib?

Answer 32

10th rib

Question 33

The inferior costotransverse lig. of rib 9 will attach to which segmental bony feature?

Answer 33

transverse process of T9

Question 34

The inferior costotransverse lig. of the transverse process of T9 will attach to which rib?

Answer 34

9th rib

Question 35

The lateral costotransverse lig. of rib 9 will attach to which segmental bony feature?

Answer 35

transverse process of T9

Question 36

The lateral costotransverse lig. of the transverse process of T9 will attach to which rib?

Answer 36

9th rib

Question 37

Which muscles attach to the transverse process of T9?

Answer 37

- longissimus thoracis - semispinalis thoracis - multifidis - rotator longus - rotator brevis - intertransversarii - levator costarum longus - levator costarum brevis

Question 38

Which erector spinae muscle attaches to the transverse process of T9?

Answer 38

longissimus thoracis

Question 39

Which erector spinae muscles will not attache to the transverse process of T9?

Answer 39

spinalis and iliocostalis muscles

Question 40

Which transversospinalis muscles attach to the transverse process of T9?

Answer 40

- semispinalis thoracis - multifidis - rotator longus - rotator brevis

Question 41

What is the orientation of the superior articular facets of T9?

Answer 41

backward, upward, and lateral (BUL)

Question 42

What is the orientation of the inferior articular facets of T9?

Answer 42

forward, downward, and medial (ForMeD)

Question 43

What is the curvature of the superior articular facets of T9?

Answer 43

slightly convex

Question 44

What is the curvature of the inferior articular facets of T9?

Answer 44

slightly concave

Question 45

What is the joint classification of the articular facet joint?

Answer 45

synovial plane (diarthrosis arthrodia)

Question 46

How may synovial joints are typically present at T9?

Answer 46

10

Question 47

Identify the synovial joint surfaces typically present on T9.

Answer 47

- two superior costal demi-facets - two inferior costal demi-facets - two superior articular facets - two inferior articular facets - two transverse costal facets

Question 48

How many synovial joint surfaces for ribs are typically present on T9?

Answer 48

6

Question 49

Identify the synovial joint surfaces for ribs that are typically present on T9.

Answer 49

- two superior costal demi-facets - two inferior costal demi-facets - two transverse costal facets

Question 50

Which rib related facet may be absent on T9?

Answer 50

inferior costal demi-facet

Question 51

What is the orientation of the spinous process of T9?

Answer 51

posterior and slightly inferior, it will shorten and become more horizontal

Question 52

What is the length of the spinous process of T9?

Answer 52

it will shorten significantly from the long spinous process of T8

Question 53

What is the generic appearance of the spinous process of T9?

Answer 53

shorter and more horizontal

Question 54

What is the angulation of the spinous process of T9?

Answer 54

the undersurface of T9 spinous processes will angle less than 40 degrees from the horizontal plane

Question 55

What ligaments attach to the spinous process of T9?

Answer 55

- interspinous lig. | - supraspinous lig.

Question 56

What joint classification is associated with lig. attaching to the T9 spinous process?

Answer 56

fibrous (amphiarthrosis) syndesmosis

Question 57

What muscles attach to the spinous process of T9?

Answer 57

- trapezius - latissimus dorsi - multifidis - rotator longus - rotator brevis - interspinalis

Question 58

Which erector spinae muscles will not attach to the spinous process of T9?

Answer 58

- spinalis - longissimus - iliocostalis

Question 59

Which transversospinalis muscles attach to the spinous process of T9?

Answer 59

- multifidis | - rotators

Question 60

Which muscles are conspicuously absent at the T9 spinous process?

Answer 60

- spinalis | - semispinalis

Question 61

Which of the muscles of the 5 layers of the true back are present at the T9 spinous process?

Answer 61

- trapezius - latissimus dorsi - multifidis - rotator longus - rotator brevis