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Spinal Anatomy I - Exam 2 > Atypical Thoracic: T1 > Flashcards

Atypical Thoracic: T1 Flashcards

1
Q

Which thoracic segments are considered the atypical thoracic?

A

T1, T9-T12

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2
Q

What is the outline of the vertebral body of T1 from superior view?

A

Somewhat rectangular with curved anterior margins

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3
Q

What is the appearance of the vertebral body of T1 from the anterior view?

A

Both sides will appear to be scalloped (indented) between the epiphyseal rims

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4
Q

What is the height pattern of the T1 vertebral body?

A

The posterior height is greater than the anterior height by one to two millimeters

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5
Q

What is the appearance of the superior surface of the vertebral body of T1?

A

It is somewhat cup-shaped with elevations at the posterior and lateral margin

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6
Q

What may the elevations on the vertebral body of T1 represent?

A

Uncinate processes

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7
Q

What is the appearance of the inferior surface of the vertebral body of T1?

A

Typically flat, lacking anterior and posterior lips characteristic of the cervicals

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8
Q

What joints are identified at the vertebral body of T1?

A
  • vertebral body to the longitudinal ligaments at the epiphyseal rims
  • vertebral body to vertebral body via the intervertebral discs
  • vertebral body to the head of a rib (costocentral joint)
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9
Q

What joint classifications are identified at the vertebral body of T1?

A
  • fibrous (amphiarthrosis) syndesmosis
  • cartilaginous (amphiarthrosis) symphysis
  • synovial plane (diarthrosis arthrodia)
  • the modified synovial saddle (diarthrosis sellar) is only observed as an anatomical variation
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10
Q

What are examples of fibrous (amphiarthrosis) syndesmosis joints at the T1 vertebral body?

A
  • superior and inferior epiphyseal rims to anterior longitudinal ligament
  • superior and inferior epiphyseal rims to posterior longitudinal ligament
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11
Q

What are examples of cartilaginous (amphiarthrosis) symphysis joints at the T1 vertebral body?

A
  • superior epiphyseal rim to intervertebral disc

- inferior epiphyseal rim to intervertebral disc

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12
Q

What are examples of synovial plane (diarthrosis arthrodia) at the T1 vertebral body?

A
  • superior costal facet to articular surface of the head of the first rib
  • inferior costal demi-facet to superior articular surface of head of the second rib
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13
Q

How many synovial joints are formed at the vertebral body of T1?`

A

four normally

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14
Q

How many symphysis joints are formed with the vertebral body of T1?

A

two

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15
Q

How many syndesmosis joints are formed at the vertebral body of T1?

A

typically four are identified (as many as eight if the rib articulation is included)

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16
Q

How many joints are formed at the vertebral body of T1?

A

typically ten (fourteen if the rib ligaments are included)

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17
Q

What is the name given to the joint formed between the vertebral body and rib?

A

costocentral joint

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18
Q

How many costocentral joints are formed at the vertebral body of T1?

A

four

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19
Q

What synovial joint surfaces are present on the T1 vertebral body?

A
  • the right and left superior costal facet

- the right and left inferior costal demi-facet

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20
Q

What is the relationship between the vertebral body surface and the rib head surface in the costocentral joints of T1?

A
  • the superior costal facet of the vertebral body will joint completely with the articular surface of the head of the first rib
  • the inferior costal demi-facet of the vertebral body will joint with the superior articular surface of the head of the second rib
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21
Q

What is the rib-vertebral body combination at the intervertebral foramen for the eighth cervical nerve?

A

the superior costal facet of T1 will joint with the articular surface of the head of the first rib

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22
Q

What is the rib-vertebral body combination at the intervertebral foramen for the first thoracic nerve?

A
  • the inferior costal facet of T1 will joint with the superior articular surface of the head of the second rib
  • the superior costal demi-facet of T2 will joint with the inferior articular surface of the head of the second rib
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23
Q

What ligament supports the costocentral joint of the first rib?

A

the costocentral stellate/radiate ligament

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24
Q

What ligaments support the costocentral joint of the second rib?

A
  • the costocentral stellate/radiate ligament

- the costocentral interarticular or intra-articular ligament

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25
Q

The costocentral stellate/radiate ligament will attach to what features?

A

the head of the rib and the vertebral bodies and intervertebral disc at the costocentral joint

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26
Q

The costocentral stellate/radiate ligament will attach to which segment(s) at the C8 spinal nerve intervertebral foramen?

A

the vertebral body of C7 and the vertebral body of T1

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27
Q

The costocentral stellate/radiate ligament will attach to which segment(s) at the T1 spinal nerve intervertebral foramen?

A

the vertebral body of T1 and the vertebral body of T2

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28
Q

What does the costocentral intra-articular or interarticular ligament attach to?

A

the interarticular or intra-articular crest of the head of the rib and the intervertebral disc

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29
Q

Which muscle(s) is/are attached to the vertebral body of T1?

A

longus colli

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30
Q

What is the position and direction of the pedicle from the vertebral body of T1?

A

the pedicle arises from the upper third of the vertebral body and projects posterior and slightly laterally

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31
Q

Which spinal nerve-vertebral notch or incisure combination is present at T1?

A
  • C8 spinal nerve - the superior vertebral notch or incisure of T1
  • T1 spinal nerve - the inferior vertebral notch or incisure of T1
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32
Q

What is the direction of the transverse process at T1?

A

the transverse process projects nearly straight out

33
Q

What is present at the tip of the transverse process of T1?

A

the transverse tubercle

34
Q

What is present on the transverse tubercle of T1?

A

the transverse costal facet

35
Q

What is the rib-transverse process relationship for T1?

A

the first rib articulates with the transverse costal facet of T1

36
Q

What is the orientation of the transverse costal facets for T1?

A

they face forward and outward

37
Q

What is the classification of the costotransverse joint?

A

synovial plane (diarthrosis arthrodia)

38
Q

What are the osseous parts of the costotransverse joint?

A

the transverse costal facet and the articular surface of the tubercle of a rib

39
Q

What ligaments support the costotransverse joint of T1?

A

the inferior costotransverse and lateral costotransverse ligaments

40
Q

What ligament is absent at the costotransverse joint of T1?

A

the superior costotransverse ligament

41
Q

What ligaments attach to the transverse process of T1?

A
  • intertransverse
  • capsular costotransverse
  • superior costotransverse
  • inferior costotransverse
  • lateral costotransverse
42
Q

Which costotransverse joint will the superior costotransverse ligament of T1 support?

A

the second rib costotransverse joint

43
Q

The superior costotransverse ligament of rib two will attach to which segmental bony feature?

A

the transverse process of T1

44
Q

The superior costotransverse ligament of the transverse process of T1 will attach to which rib?

A

the second rib

45
Q

The inferior costotransverse ligament of rib one will attach to which segmental bony feature?

A

the transverse process of T1

46
Q

The inferior costotransverse ligament of the transverse process of T1 will attach to which rib?

A

the first rib

47
Q

The lateral costotransverse ligament of rib one will attach to which segmental bony feature?

A

the transverse process of T1

48
Q

The lateral costotransverse ligament of the transverse process of T1 will attach to which rib?

A

the first rib

49
Q

What joint classification is associated with the intertransverse, superior costotransverse, inferior costotransverse, and lateral costotransverse ligaments?

A

fibrous (amphiarthrosis) syndesmosis

50
Q

What muscles attach to the transverse process of T1?

A
  • longissimus thoracis
  • longissimus cervicis
  • longissimus capitis
  • semispinalis cervicis
  • semispinalis capitis
  • multifidis
  • rotator longus
  • rotator brevis
  • intertransversarii
  • levator costarum brevis
51
Q

Which examples of the erector spinae group attach to the transverse process of T1?

A

longissimus muscles

52
Q

Which examples of the erector spinae group will not attach to the transverse process of T1?

A

spinalis and iliocostalis muscles

53
Q

Which examples of the transversospinalis muscle group attach to the transverse process of T1?

A

semispinalis, multifidis, and rotators

54
Q

Which specific transversospinalis muscle is absent from T1?

A

semispinalis thoracis

55
Q

What is the orientation of the superior articular facet of T1?

A

backward, upward, lateral (BUL)

56
Q

What is the orientation of the inferior articular facet of T1?

A

forward, downward, medial (ForMeD)

57
Q

What is the curvature of the superior articular facet of T1?

A

they are slightly convex

58
Q

What is the curvature of the inferior articular facet of T1?

A

they are slightly concave

59
Q

What is the classification of the articular facet joint?

A

synovial plane (diarthrosis arthrodia)

60
Q

How many synovial joints are present at T1?

61
Q

Identify the synovial joint surfaces present at T1.

A
  • two superior costal facets
  • two inferior costal demi-facets
  • two transverse costal facets
  • two superior articular facets
  • two inferior articular facets
62
Q

How many synovial joint surfaces for ribs are present at T1?

63
Q

Identify the synovial joint surfaces for ribs that are present at T1.

A
  • two superior costal facets
  • two inferior costal demi-facets
  • two transverse costal facets
64
Q

What is the angulation of the spinous process of T1?

A

the undersurface of the T1 spinous process will be nearly horizontal from the horizontal plane

65
Q

What is the name of the osseous feature at the tip of the spinous process?

A

the spinous tubercle

66
Q

What ligaments attach to the spinous process of T1?

A

the interspinous and supraspinous ligaments

67
Q

Ligaments attaching to the spinous process of T1 have what joint classificaion?

A

fibrous (amphiarthrosis) syndesmosis

68
Q

What muscles attach to the spinous process of T1?

A
  • trapezius
  • rhomboid minor
  • serratus posterior superior
  • splenius capitis
  • spinalis thoracis
  • spinalis cervicis
  • spinalis capitis
  • semispinalis thoracis
  • multifidis
  • rotator longus
  • rotator brevis
  • interspinalis
69
Q

Of the muscles attaching to the spinous process of the thoracics, which ones will attach only to the T1 vertebral segment?

A

rhomboid minor

70
Q

Which erector spinae muscles will attach to the spinous process of T1?

A

spinalis muscles

71
Q

Which erector spinae muscles will not attach to the spinous process of T1?

A

longissimus and iliocostalis muscles

72
Q

Which transversospinalis muscles will attach to the spinous process of T1?

A

semispinalis, multifidis, and rotators

73
Q

Which of the muscles of the five layers of the true back are present at the spinous process of T1?

A
  • trapezius
  • rhomboid minor
  • serratus posterior superior
  • spinalis thoracis
  • spinalis cervicis
  • spinalis capitis
  • semispinalis thoracis
  • multifidis
  • rotator longus
  • rotator brevis
74
Q

Which muscles attaching to the spinous process of T1 are not included in any muscle layer of the true back?

A

splenius capitis and interspinalis

75
Q

What joint classifications are present at the T1 vertebra?

A
  • fibrous (amphiarthrosis) syndesmosis
  • cartilaginous (amphiarthrosis) symphysis
  • synovial plane (diarthrosis arthrodia)
76
Q

At what parts of T1 will a fibrous (amphiarthrosis) syndesmosis joint be observed?

A
  • vertebral body
  • lamina
  • transverse process
  • spinous process
77
Q

At what part of T1 will a cartilaginous (amphiarthrosis) symphysis joint be observed?

A

vertebral body

78
Q

At what parts of T1 will a synovial plane (diarthrosis arthrodia) joint be observed?

A
  • vertebral body
  • transverse process
  • articular process

Spinal Anatomy I - Exam 2 (28 decks)

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