Splint Bones And Proximal Sesamoid Bone Fractures Flashcards
What bones do the splint bones (MC/MT 2 and 4) articulate with ?
They articulate with the carpal and tarsal bones
What kind of support do the splint bones provide?
Axial support to the carpus and tarsus
Which splint bone has minimal articulation and weight transfer With its corresponding bone ?
MT4 has minimal articulation and weight transfer with the 4th tarsal bone
In both the front and hind limb, the ____________splint bone provides less support for the carpus/tarsus.
Which has the least of all
Lateral
MT4 provides the least support of all
If there is damage to MT4 (hind lateral splint bone) there are more ways of dealing with it and better prognosis, Why?
Because MT4 provides the least amount of support!!!
Give some common causes of Splint bone fractures
1) hyperextension of the fetlock
- closed
2) External trauma
- open
Can splint bone fractures be treated successfully?
Many can be treated successfully with REST alone!!!!
Suspensory desmitis may cause persistent lameness
What ligament is intimately related to the splint bones?
The suspensory ligament
What are some treatment options for splint bone fractures?
1) conservative wound management
2) segmental ostectomy
3) removal of distal portion (midbody fx)
4) ORIF. (Open reduction and internal fixation)
5) wound management and removal of loose fragments
6) internal fixation
What are some treatment options for proximal splint bone fractures?
1) wound management and removal of loose fragments
2) internal fixation (proximal splint bone fx)
How much of the distal splint bone can be removed?
Up to 2/3 of the distal splint bone (except MT4)
In theory you can remove the entire MT4, because its so useless at its job (support)
If you need to remove more than 2/3 of the distal splint bone what is required?
Need internal fixation of the proximal fragment
Where do sequestrums form most commonly?
Metacarpus and metatarsus regions
-lack of circulation
How long does a sequestrum take to show up on radiographs?
4-6 weeks
When performing internal fixation (plating) a splint bone fx it is important NOT to engage the MC/MT 3 Why?
- there is movement between splint bones and MC/MT3
- cause persistent lameness
- micro-movements cause more trauma
If the cannon bone must be engaged with internal fixation what must be done?
MUST remove plate 3-4 months post op!!!!
What is suggested when an owner says my horse “popped a splint” or “has a splint”
Splint exostosis
Proliferative periostitis
Usually caused by trauma
-usually on the medially aspect of the cannon bone (MC2)
Where is splint exostosis most commonly seen?
Medial aspect of the front cannon bone (MC2)
-young horses